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Gudea Cylinders

The Building of Ningirsu's Temple

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Column A 5

1 and she was consulting it internally.

2 Second, there was a warrior: 3 he flexed his arm; a tablet of lapis lazuli he held in his hand,⁠ 4 and for the temple a plan he made. 5 Before me a holy carrying-basket was placed; 6 a holy brick-mold was set in order, 7 and the brick of destiny was placed for me in the mold. 8 In a fine sacred vessel standing before me, 9 bird-men passed the time pouring water ceaselessly; 10 and a donkey stallion at the right hand of my lord kept pawing the ground for me.”

Nanshe’s Interpretation of the Dream

11 To the ruler his mother Nanshe answered: 12 “My shepherd, your dream I will interpret for you:⁠ 13 As for the man whose stature was like heaven and whose stature was like earth, 14 who as to his head was a god, at whose side 15 was the storm-bird, at whose feet was the hurricane, 16 and at whose right and left a lion lay couched— 17 he is surely my brother Ningirsu! 18 He has commanded you to build his shrine Eninnu.

19 The daylight that rose for you over the horizon 20 is your personal god Ningishzida: like the sun he rises for you over the horizon. 21 The maiden who wore the sheaves of her hair like a crown on her head, 22 who held a sacred stylus of refined silver in her hand, 23 who had set down the tablet of the favorable stars, 24 and who was consulting it internally— 25 she is surely my sister Nisaba!

Texts in conversation

David's God-Given Temple Plan Echoes the Dream of Gudea

Ancient Near East, Sumerian · Hebrew Bible

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Summary

The Dream of Gudea shows the Sumerian ruler a stone tablet on which a god draws the plan of a temple. In 1 Chronicles, David hands Solomon a written plan for the Jerusalem temple that he received from God.

Passages

Gudea Cylinders A v 3

Ancient Near East, Sumerian · The Building of Ningirsu's Temple
1 and she was consulting it internally. 2 Second, there was a warrior: 3 he flexed his arm; a tablet of lapis lazuli he held in his hand, 4 and for the temple a plan he made. 5 Before me a holy carrying-basket was placed; 6 a holy brick-mold was set in order, 7 and the brick of destiny was placed for me in the mold. 8 In a fine sacred vessel standing before me, 9 bird-men passed the time pouring water ceaselessly; 10 and a donkey stallion at the right hand of my lord kept pawing the ground for me.”
2125 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Gudea Cylinders

1 Chronicles 28:19

Hebrew Bible
18 and for the refined gold of the incense altar. He gave him the blueprint for the seat of the gold cherubim that spread their wings and provide shelter for the ark of the Lord’s covenant. 19 David said, “All this I put in writing as the Lord directed me and gave me insight regarding the details of the blueprints.” 20 David said to his son Solomon: “Be strong and brave! Do it! Don’t be afraid and don’t panic! For the Lord God, my God, is with you. He will not leave you or abandon you before all the work for the service of the Lord’s temple is finished.
400–301 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Chronicles

References

... In the Gudea Cylinders and other Ancient Near Eastern temple building texts, the construction of a divinely pleasing sanctuary necessarily involved receiving and following a detailed and divinely revealed plan. The same is true in the Bible, but unlike Gudea, who needed to virtually pry the details of the plan out of the deity through cultic means, this information is readily forthcoming in ancient Israel (Exodus 25:1-9; 1 Chronicles 28:11-19; Ezekiel 40-42). The revealed tabnit 'plan' or 'pattern' of the biblical tabernacle, the temple, and their furniture (see specifically Exodus 25:9, 40; 26:30; 27:8; Joshua 22:28; 1 Chronicles 28:11-12, 19; compare Ezekiel 43:10-12) corresponds to both the gis-hur ('plan') of the temple and the visionary picture of the completed sanctuary in the Gudea Cylinders. Gudea Statue B, on which is inscribed a shorter but parallel account of the building of the new Eninnu, has the ruler sitting with a tablet resting on his lap. On the tablet there is a diagram of a walled-in area with six gate areas ...
Richard E. Averbeck, “The Cylinders of Gudea,” in The Context of Scripture, Volume II: Monumental Inscriptions from the Biblical World, ed. William W. Hallo and K. Lawson Younger Jr. (Leiden: Brill, 2003), 420.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Gudea Cylinders A v 3 and 1 Chronicles 28:19

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