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Gospel of Philip

About this book

Baptism, Divine Names, Eucharist

Chapter 6

God is a dyer. Like the good dyes, called true, die with what have been dyed in them, this is the way it is with those whom God has dyed, because his dyes are deathless. They are deathless on account of his colored remedies. However, those whom God baptizes, he baptizes in water ‹and power›. It is not possible that anyone could see something that has been decreed unless he becomes like it. This is not the way it is with the man who dwells in the world. He sees the sun without becoming the sun, and he sees the sky, and the earth, and everything else without becoming them. This is the way it is with truth, however: You have seen some things there, and you have become them. You have seen the Spirit, and have become Spirit. You have seen Christ, and have become Christ.⁠ You have seen the [Father, and you] will become Father. Consequently, [here] you see all things, and you do not [see yourself]. You, however, will see yourself in [that place], because you will [become] what you see. Faith obtains, love gives.⁠ [No one can] [obtain] apart from faith. No one can give apart from love. Consequently, we believe so we can obtain. However, we give so we can love, because if someone does not give out of love, he will not profit from what he has given. He who has not obtained the Lord is still a Hebrew. The apostles who lived before us named in this way: “Jesus the Nazarene, Messiah,” that is, “Jesus the Nazarene, Christ.” The last name is “Christ,” the first is “Jesus,” the middle one is “the Nazarene.” “Messiah” bears two meanings, both “Christ” and “he who is measured.” “Jesus” in Hebrew means “salvation,” “Nazara” means “truth.” “The Nazarene” is consequently the (man of) truth. “Christ” was the one who was measured. “The Nazarene” and “Jesus” were the ones who were measured. If a pearl is cast down into the mud, it will not be more despised, nor will it be (more) precious if anointed with balsam. It remains, on the contrary, ever valuable to its master. This is the way it is with the children of God: Wherever they are, they remain ever valuable to their Father. Should you say, “I am a Jew,” no one will be moved. Should you say, “I am a Roman,” no one will be distressed. Should you say, “I am a Greek,” “a barbarian,” “a slave,” [“a free,”] no one will be troubled.⁠ [Should] you [say], “I am a Christian,” the [world] will shake. If only [... of] this kind, the one [who ...] will be unable to bear [hearing] his name. God is a Man-eater.⁠ Consequently, the Man was [sacrificed] to him. Before the Man had been sacrificed, animals were sacrificed, because those to whom they sacrificed were not gods. Glass vessels as well as pottery vessels come to be with fire. If, however, glass vessels get broken, they are refashioned, because they came to be with a breath. By contrast, if pottery vessels get broken, they are destroyed, because they came to be without breath. A donkey turned a millstone, finishing (the equivalent of) a hundred-mile walk. When it let loose, it found itself still in exactly the same place. Some men do a lot of walking, and they make no progress toward any destination. When evening overtakes them, they have seen neither any city nor any village, nor anything man-made nor of nature, as well as any power and any angel. These despicable people have worked for nothing. The Eucharist is Jesus, because in Syriac it is called “Pharisatha,” that is, “he who is spread out,” because Jesus came crucifying the world.⁠ The Lord entered Levi’s dyeing-place, and took seventy-two colors, and cast them into the vat, and took out all of them white, and he said: “In this way the Son of the Son of Man has come [as] a dyer.”

Texts in conversation

Compare 2 Corinthians 3:18 and Gospel of Philip 6:11

New Testament · Nag Hammadi

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Summary

The Gospel of Philip connects seeing Jesus with becoming like him, reshaping Paul's language from 2 Corinthians. In Philip, seeing is more than recognizing someone else, and changes who the person is, connecting knowledge of Jesus with sharing his life.

Passages

2 Corinthians 3:18

New Testament
14 But their minds were closed. For to this very day, the same veil remains when they hear the old covenant read. It has not been removed because only in Christ is it taken away. 15 But until this very day whenever Moses is read, a veil lies over their minds, 16 but when one turns to the Lord, the veil is removed. 17 Now the Lord is the Spirit, and where the Spirit of the Lord is present, there is freedom. 18 And we all, with unveiled faces reflecting the glory of the Lord, are being transformed into the same image from one degree of glory to another, which is from the Lord, who is the Spirit.
55–57 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Corinthians

Gospel of Philip 6:11

Nag Hammadi
It is not possible that anyone could see something that has been decreed unless he becomes like it. This is not the way it is with the man who dwells in the world. He sees the sun without becoming the sun, and he sees the sky, and the earth, and everything else without becoming them. This is the way it is with truth, however: You have seen some things there, and you have become them. You have seen the Spirit, and have become Spirit. You have seen Christ, and have become Christ. You have seen the [Father, and you] will become Father. Consequently, [here] you see all things, and you do not [see yourself]. You, however, will see yourself in [that place], because you will [become] what you see.
180–250 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Gospel of Philip

References

“... ministry, including his baptism and transfiguration. At the latter event, Christ makes his disciples great in order for them to see him in his great- ness. In other words they get to see his real flesh by becoming like him. The connection between incarnation, ritual practice and transfiguration is apparent. Similarly, as John McGuckin puts it, “for Cyril the manner of the incarnation is analogous to the manner of the sanctification and transfig- uration of Christ’s disciples.” In terms closely resembling the Gospel of Philip, Cyril vividly describes the deifying transformation of believers into the likeness of Christ: That we are transformed spiritually and brought to a holy and utterly good life is ex- plained by Paul when he says: “And we all, with unveiled face, beholding the glory of the Lord, are being changed into his likeness from one degree of glory to another; for this comes from the Lord who is the Spirit” (2 Cor 3:18). Through him we are also reborn, for we no longer contain a corruptible seed, but that which is sown by the word of the living God who endures forever. As in Cyril’s thought, the process of becoming like Christ in the Gospel of Philip is also accomplished through ritual (baptism, chrismation, and Eu- charist). The goal is for each individual to go from being like the first Adam – after the fall – to becoming a Christ, a second prelapsarian Adam. ...”
Hugo Lundhaug, “Begotten, Not Made, to Arise in This Flesh: The Post-Nicene Soteriology of the Gospel of Philip,” in Beyond the Gnostic Gospels: Studies Building on the Work of Elaine Pagels, ed. Eduard Iricinschi, Lance Jenott, Nicola Denzey Lewis, and Philippa Townsend (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2013), 268.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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