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Gospel of Philip

About this book

Baptism, Chrism, and Eucharist

Chapter 4

With water and fire are all things purified, the revealed with the revealed, the concealed with the concealed, there being some that are concealed with the revealed. Water is inside water, fire is inside chrism. Jesus overcame them all with concealment, because he did not appear as he was. Instead, it was as [they were] capable of seeing him that he appeared. [All of these], he appeared to them. He [appeared] to [the] large as large. He [appeared] to the small as small. He [appeared] [to the] angels as an angel, and to humans as a human. Consequently, his Logos concealed itself from everyone. Some saw him, imagining they saw themselves. When he, however, appeared to his disciples in glory on the mountain, he was not small; he became large.⁠ He, however, made the disciples large, in order that they could see him as large. He said on that day during the Eucharist: “He who has joined the perfect, the light, together with the holy Spirit, may he join together the angels also with us, together with the images.” Despise not the lamb, because without it no one can see the door. No one can approach the king naked.⁠ The heavenly man possesses more children than the earthly man.⁠ If the children of Adam are many, despite (the fact) that they die, how many more will be the children of the Perfect Man, these who die not, but are born perpetually? The Father begets a Son, and the Son is unable to beget a Son, because someone who has been begotten is unable to beget. The Son, by contrast, gets brothers, not sons. Everyone who is begotten in the world is begotten by means of what is physical. Also the others with [...] are begotten through what [...] from there. To the man [...] with the [...] from above. [...] him from the mouth, [...] the word came from there, he would be nourished from the mouth, [and] he would become perfect, because it is with a kiss that the perfect conceive and beget.⁠ Consequently, we, also, kiss each another, conceiving from the grace that dwells inside each other.

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Corinthians 15:47 and Gospel of Philip 4:16

New Testament · Nag Hammadi

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Summary

The Gospel of Philip uses 1 Corinthians' contrast between the earthly and heavenly man by comparing their children. Death and continuing birth distinguish the two families, connecting Paul's hope of bearing the heavenly image with birth into new life.

Passages

1 Corinthians 15:47

New Testament
43 It is sown in dishonor, it is raised in glory; it is sown in weakness, it is raised in power; 44 it is sown a natural body, it is raised a spiritual body. If there is a natural body, there is also a spiritual body. 45 So also it is written, “The first man, Adam, became a living person”; the last Adam became a life-giving spirit. 46 However, the spiritual did not come first, but the natural, and then the spiritual. 47 The first man is from the earth, made of dust; the second man is from heaven. 48 Like the one made of dust, so too are those made of dust, and like the one from heaven, so too those who are heavenly. 49 And just as we have borne the image of the man of dust, let us also bear the image of the man of heaven.
55–57 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Corinthians

Gospel of Philip 4:16

Nag Hammadi
He said on that day during the Eucharist: “He who has joined the perfect, the light, together with the holy Spirit, may he join together the angels also with us, together with the images.” Despise not the lamb, because without it no one can see the door. No one can approach the king naked. The heavenly man possesses more children than the earthly man. If the children of Adam are many, despite (the fact) that they die, how many more will be the children of the Perfect Man, these who die not, but are born perpetually? The Father begets a Son, and the Son is unable to beget a Son, because someone who has been begotten is unable to beget. The Son, by contrast, gets brothers, not sons.
180–250 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Gospel of Philip

References

“... Paul goes on to say that “the pneumatic is not first, but the psychic. . . . the first anthropos was from earth, choic, but the second from heaven” (15:46-48). The author of the Gospel of Philip, interpreting this passage, says of the ‘“‘man from heaven,” many more are his sons than of the “man of earth.” If the sons of Adam are many, but nonetheless die, how much more are the sons of the Perfect Man, those who do not die, but continually are begotten. '** ...”
Elaine Hiesey Pagels, The Gnostic Paul: Gnostic Exegesis of the Pauline Letters (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1975), 85.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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