Go to Related Reading
About this book

Genesis

About this book

God's Covenant with Noah

Chapter 9

1 Then God blessed Noah and his sons and said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth.⁠ 2 Every living creature of the earth and every bird of the sky will be terrified of you. Everything that creeps on the ground and all the fish of the sea are under your authority. 3 You may eat any moving thing that lives. As I gave you the green plants, I now give you everything. 4 “But you must not eat meat with its life (that is, its blood) in it.⁠ 5 For your lifeblood I will surely exact punishment, from every living creature I will exact punishment.⁠ From each person I will exact punishment for the life of the individual since the man was his relative.⁠ 6 “Whoever sheds human blood, by other humans must his blood be shed;⁠ for in God’s image God has made humankind.⁠ 7 “But as for you, be fruitful and multiply; increase abundantly on the earth and multiply on it.” 8 God said to Noah and his sons, 9 “Look. I now confirm my covenant with you and your descendants after you 10 and with every living creature that is with you, including the birds, the domestic animals, and every living creature of the earth with you, all those that came out of the ark with you—every living creature of the earth. 11 I confirm my covenant with you: Never again will all living things be wiped out by the waters of a flood; never again will a flood destroy the earth.”⁠ 12 And God said, “This is the guarantee of the covenant I am making with you and every living creature with you, a covenant for all subsequent generations: 13 I will place my bow35 in the clouds, and it will become a guarantee of the covenant between me and the earth.⁠ 14 Whenever I bring clouds over the earth and the bow35 appears in the clouds, 15 then I will remember my covenant with you and with all living creatures of all kinds. Never again will the waters become a flood and destroy all living things.⁠ 16 When the rainbow is in the clouds, I will notice it and remember the perpetual covenant between God and all living creatures⁠ of all kinds that are on the earth.”⁠ 17 So God said to Noah, “This is the guarantee of the covenant that I am confirming between me and all living things that are on the earth.”

Noah and His Sons

18 The sons of Noah who came out of the ark were Shem, Ham, and Japheth. (Now Ham was the father of Canaan.) 19 These were the three sons of Noah, and from them the whole earth was populated. 20 Noah, a man of the soil, began to plant a vineyard.⁠ 21 When he drank some of the wine, he got drunk and uncovered himself inside his tent.⁠ 22 Ham, the father of Canaan, saw his father’s nakedness and told his two brothers who were outside.⁠ 23 Shem and Japheth took the garment and placed it on their shoulders. Then they walked in backwards and covered up their father’s nakedness. Their faces were turned the other way so they did not see their father’s nakedness. 24 When Noah awoke from his drunken stupor he learned what his youngest son had done to him.⁠ 25 So he said, “Cursed be Canaan! The lowest of slaves he will be to his brothers.”⁠ 26 He also said, “Worthy of praise is the Lord, the God of Shem! May Canaan be the slave of Shem! 27 May God enlarge Japheth’s territory and numbers! May he live in the tents of Shem and may Canaan be the slave of Japheth!” 28 After the flood Noah lived 350 years. 29 The entire lifetime of Noah was 950 years, and then he died.

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 9:6 and Pirkei Avot 3:14

Hebrew Bible · Rabbinic

Share:

Summary

Genesis 9:6 defines the worth of human life as being made in the image of God. Rabbinic tradition in Pirkei Avot draws on this to teach that all of humanity is loved by God because everyone is created in that image.

Passages

Genesis 9:6

Hebrew Bible
5 For your lifeblood I will surely exact punishment, from every living creature I will exact punishment. From each person I will exact punishment for the life of the individual since the man was his relative. 6 “Whoever sheds human blood, by other humans must his blood be shed; for in God’s image God has made humankind. 7 “But as for you, be fruitful and multiply; increase abundantly on the earth and multiply on it.”
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

Pirkei Avot 3:14

Rabbinic · Mishnah
13 Rabbi Akiva said: Merriment and frivolity accustom one to sexual licentiousness; Tradition is a fence to the Torah; Tithes are a fence to wealth; Vows are a fence to abstinence; A fence to wisdom is silence. 14 He used to say: Beloved is man, for he was created in the image of God. Especially beloved is he, for it was made known to him that he had been created in the image of God, as it is said: "for in the image of God He made man" (Genesis 9:6). Beloved are Israel, in that they were called children to the All-Present. Especially beloved are they, for it was made known to them that they are called children of the All-Present, as it is said: "you are children to the Lord your God" (Deuteronomy 14:1). Beloved are Israel, in that a precious vessel was given to them. Especially beloved are they, for it was made known to them that the desirable instrument with which the world had been created was given to them, as it is said: "for I give you good instruction; forsake not my teaching" (Proverbs 4:2). 15 Everything is foreseen, yet freedom of choice is granted. The world is judged with goodness, and everything depends on the preponderance of deeds.
190–230 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Pirkei Avot

References

"... In Avot 3:14, Akiva moves from a general divine love for humanity to a specific love for Israel. This love is amplified in the revelation embodied in Torah. This description of love has a tripartite shape. First there is the act of love in not just creating humanity but also endowing humanity with the image of God. This love is even greater by making humanity aware of its creation in the divine image. While Genesis 1:26 records this creation, only in Genesis 9:6 does God reveal the divine image to humanity when God speaks to Noah after the Flood. Given that this revelation was prior to God’s covenant with Abraham and his descendants who were to become Israel, this revelation of the divine image in which humanity was created was made known to all humanity. This is especially the case since according to Genesis it was the children of Noah who repopulated the earth. ..."
Daniel Joslyn-Siemiatkoski, The More Torah, the More Life: A Christian Commentary on Mishnah Avot (Leuven: Peeters, 2018), 184.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Genesis 9:6 and Pirkei Avot 3:14

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library