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Genesis

About this book

God's Covenant with Noah

Chapter 9

1 Then God blessed Noah and his sons and said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the earth.⁠ 2 Every living creature of the earth and every bird of the sky will be terrified of you. Everything that creeps on the ground and all the fish of the sea are under your authority. 3 You may eat any moving thing that lives. As I gave you the green plants, I now give you everything. 4 “But you must not eat meat with its life (that is, its blood) in it.⁠ 5 For your lifeblood I will surely exact punishment, from every living creature I will exact punishment.⁠ From each person I will exact punishment for the life of the individual since the man was his relative.⁠ 6 “Whoever sheds human blood, by other humans must his blood be shed;⁠ for in God’s image God has made humankind.⁠ 7 “But as for you, be fruitful and multiply; increase abundantly on the earth and multiply on it.” 8 God said to Noah and his sons, 9 “Look. I now confirm my covenant with you and your descendants after you 10 and with every living creature that is with you, including the birds, the domestic animals, and every living creature of the earth with you, all those that came out of the ark with you—every living creature of the earth. 11 I confirm my covenant with you: Never again will all living things be wiped out by the waters of a flood; never again will a flood destroy the earth.”⁠ 12 And God said, “This is the guarantee of the covenant I am making with you and every living creature with you, a covenant for all subsequent generations: 13 I will place my bow35 in the clouds, and it will become a guarantee of the covenant between me and the earth.⁠ 14 Whenever I bring clouds over the earth and the bow35 appears in the clouds, 15 then I will remember my covenant with you and with all living creatures of all kinds. Never again will the waters become a flood and destroy all living things.⁠ 16 When the rainbow is in the clouds, I will notice it and remember the perpetual covenant between God and all living creatures⁠ of all kinds that are on the earth.”⁠ 17 So God said to Noah, “This is the guarantee of the covenant that I am confirming between me and all living things that are on the earth.”

Noah and His Sons

18 The sons of Noah who came out of the ark were Shem, Ham, and Japheth. (Now Ham was the father of Canaan.) 19 These were the three sons of Noah, and from them the whole earth was populated. 20 Noah, a man of the soil, began to plant a vineyard.⁠ 21 When he drank some of the wine, he got drunk and uncovered himself inside his tent.⁠ 22 Ham, the father of Canaan, saw his father’s nakedness and told his two brothers who were outside.⁠ 23 Shem and Japheth took the garment and placed it on their shoulders. Then they walked in backwards and covered up their father’s nakedness. Their faces were turned the other way so they did not see their father’s nakedness. 24 When Noah awoke from his drunken stupor he learned what his youngest son had done to him.⁠ 25 So he said, “Cursed be Canaan! The lowest of slaves he will be to his brothers.”⁠ 26 He also said, “Worthy of praise is the Lord, the God of Shem! May Canaan be the slave of Shem! 27 May God enlarge Japheth’s territory and numbers! May he live in the tents of Shem and may Canaan be the slave of Japheth!” 28 After the flood Noah lived 350 years. 29 The entire lifetime of Noah was 950 years, and then he died.

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 7:11 and Genesis 9:11 and Isaiah 24:18

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Isaiah 24 recalls Genesis 7 by describing the deep waters breaking open, echoing the flood of Noah. Isaiah uses this image for a new worldwide judgment, creating tension with Genesis 9, which promises the earth will not again be destroyed by water.

Passages

Genesis 7:11

Hebrew Bible
10 And after seven days the floodwaters engulfed the earth. 11 In the six hundredth year of Noah’s life, in the second month, on the seventeenth day of the month—on that day all the fountains of the great deep burst open and the floodgates of the heavens were opened. 12 And the rain fell on the earth 40 days and 40 nights. 13 On that very day Noah entered the ark, accompanied by his sons Shem, Ham, and Japheth, along with his wife and his sons’ three wives.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

Genesis 9:11

Hebrew Bible
9 “Look. I now confirm my covenant with you and your descendants after you 10 and with every living creature that is with you, including the birds, the domestic animals, and every living creature of the earth with you, all those that came out of the ark with you—every living creature of the earth. 11 I confirm my covenant with you: Never again will all living things be wiped out by the waters of a flood; never again will a flood destroy the earth.” 12 And God said, “This is the guarantee of the covenant I am making with you and every living creature with you, a covenant for all subsequent generations:
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

Isaiah 24:18

Hebrew Bible
17 Terror, pit, and snare are ready to overtake you, inhabitants of the earth! 18 The one who runs away from the sound of the terror will fall into the pit; the one who climbs out of the pit will be trapped by the snare. For the floodgates of the heavens are opened up and the foundations of the earth shake. 19 The earth is broken in pieces, the earth is ripped to shreds, the earth shakes violently. 20 The earth will stagger around like a drunk; it will sway back and forth like a hut in a windstorm. Its sin will weigh it down, and it will fall and never get up again.
740–450 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Isaiah

References

"... A likely allusion to the Noahide flood can be found in Isaiah 24:18b, which echoes Genesis 7:11b ... The intertextual relationship between Isaiah 24:18bα and Genesis 7:11bβ is patent. In addition, it might be argued that Isaiah 24:18b is a rewritten form of Genesis 7:11b. Both hemistiches have to do with what is found under the earth and suggest violent movement. Furthermore, the Isaianic author seems to have shortened the source material from Genesis for poetic reasons. If this is correct, then Isaiah 24:18b is an inverted citation of Genesis 7:11b according to Seidel’s law, and what is being depicted in the Isaiah Apocalypse may be the waters above the earth and possibly also the waters below the earth being let loose to inundate the earth in a worldwide judgment analogous to the Noahide flood ..."
Paul K.-K. Cho, Myth, History, and Metaphor in the Hebrew Bible (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019), 174.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Genesis 7:11 and Genesis 9:11 and Isaiah 24:18

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