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Genesis

About this book

The Sons of God and Human Women

Chapter 6

1 When humankind began to multiply on the face of the earth, and daughters were born to them,⁠ 2 the sons of God saw that the daughters of humankind were beautiful. Thus they took wives for themselves from any they chose.⁠ 3 So the Lord said, “My Spirit will not remain in humankind indefinitely, since they are mortal.⁠ They will remain for 120 more years.”⁠ 4 The Nephilim were on the earth in those days⁠ (and also after this) when the sons of God would sleep with the daughters of humankind,⁠ who gave birth to their children.⁠ They were the mighty heroes of old, the famous men.⁠

Human Wickedness and God's Judgment

5 But the Lord saw that the wickedness of humankind had become great on the earth. Every inclination of the thoughts of their minds was only evil all the time. 6 The Lord regretted that he had made humankind on the earth, and he was highly offended.⁠ 7 So the Lord said, “I will blot out* humankind, whom I have created, from the face of the earth—everything⁠ from humankind to animals, including creatures that move on the ground and birds of the air, for I regret that I have made them.”⁠ 8 But Noah found favor in the sight of the Lord.

Noah and the Ark

9 This is the account of Noah. Noah was a godly man; he was blameless among his contemporaries. He walked with God. 10 Noah had three sons: Shem, Ham, and Japheth. 11 The earth was ruined in the sight of God; the earth was filled with violence.⁠ 12 God saw the earth, and indeed it was ruined, for all living creatures on the earth were sinful.⁠ 13 So God said to Noah,⁠ “I have decided that all living creatures must die, for the earth is filled with violence because of them.⁠ Now I am about to destroy them and the earth.⁠ 14 Make for yourself an ark of cypress wood. Make rooms in the ark, and cover it with pitch inside and out.⁠ 15 This is how you should make it: The ark is to be 450 feet long, 75 feet wide, and 45 feet high. 16 Make a roof for the ark and finish it, leaving 18 inches from the top. Put a door in the side of the ark, and make lower, middle, and upper decks. 17 I am about to bring floodwaters on the earth to destroy from under the sky all the living creatures that have the breath of life in them.⁠ Everything that is on the earth will die,⁠ 18 but I will confirm my covenant with you. You will enter the ark—you, your sons, your wife, and your sons’ wives with you. 19 You must bring into the ark two of every kind of living creature from all flesh, male and female, to keep them alive with you.⁠ 20 Of the birds after their kinds, and of the cattle after their kinds, and of every creeping thing of the ground after its kind, two of every kind will come to you so you can keep them alive. 21 And you must take for yourself every kind of food that is eaten, and gather it together. It will be food for you and for them.” 22 And Noah did all that God commanded him—he did indeed.

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 6:11 and 1 Enoch 7:6

Hebrew Bible · Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses

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Summary

In Genesis, the earth is described as ruined and filled with violence, leading to divine judgment through the flood. 1 Enoch expands it by linking this spread of violence to the giants, born from the union of heavenly beings and human women.

Passages

Genesis 6:11

Hebrew Bible
9 This is the account of Noah. Noah was a godly man; he was blameless among his contemporaries. He walked with God. 10 Noah had three sons: Shem, Ham, and Japheth. 11 The earth was ruined in the sight of God; the earth was filled with violence. 12 God saw the earth, and indeed it was ruined, for all living creatures on the earth were sinful. 13 So God said to Noah, “I have decided that all living creatures must die, for the earth is filled with violence because of them. Now I am about to destroy them and the earth.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

1 Enoch 7:6

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
3 These giants consumed everything humans produced. 4 And when humans could no longer support them, the giants turned against them and devoured mankind. 5 They began to sin against birds, beasts, reptiles, and fish, eating each other’s flesh and drinking the blood. 6 Then the earth brought charges against these lawbreakers.
300 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Enoch

References

"... In 1 Enoch 6–11, we find a composite unit whose exuberant polysemy evades any easy explanation. This unit includes three descriptions of the Watchers’ transgressions, each with a different focus. The first, 1 Enoch 6–7, most closely follows Genesis 6:1–4: chapter 6 begins with a paraphrase of Genesis 6:1, followed by a description of the Watcher Semihazah convincing a group of angels to swear an oath to travel to the earth and beget children with the “daughters of men” (verses 3–6). Chapter 7 tells of their cohabitation and defilement with human women, to whom they teach magical and medicinal arts (v.1) and from whom Giants are born (verse 2). The great violence of the Giants is then described (verse 3; compare Genesis 6:11), culminating in the outcry of the earth against them (verse 4) ... It is striking, for instance, that all three summaries of angelic sin in this unit culminate with descriptions of the violence of the Giants against the creatures of the earth (7:3–5; 8:4; 9:9) and the resulting outcry of either the earth itself (7:6) or humankind (8:4; 9:10). In addition, three themes are highlighted throughout: [1] the dangers of sexual impurity, [2] the corrupting potential of knowledge, and [3] the antediluvian proliferation of violence ..."
Annette Yoshiko Reed, Fallen Angels and the History of Judaism and Christianity: The Reception of Enochic Literature (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005), 27–30.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Genesis 6:11 and 1 Enoch 7:6

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