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Genesis

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Jacob and Esau Meet

Chapter 33

1 Jacob looked up and saw that Esau was coming along with 400 men. So he divided the children among Leah, Rachel, and the two female servants. 2 He put the servants and their children in front, with Leah and her children behind them, and Rachel and Joseph behind them. 3 But Jacob himself went on ahead of them, and he bowed toward the ground seven times as he approached his brother. 4 But Esau ran to meet him, embraced him, hugged his neck, and kissed him.⁠ Then they both wept. 5 When Esau looked up and saw the women and the children, he asked, “Who are these people with you?” Jacob replied, “The children whom God has graciously given your servant.” 6 The female servants came forward with their children and bowed down. 7 Then Leah came forward with her children and they bowed down. Finally Joseph and Rachel came forward and bowed down. 8 Esau then asked, “What did you intend by sending all these herds to meet me?” Jacob replied, “To find favor in your sight, my lord.” 9 But Esau said, “I have plenty, my brother. Keep what belongs to you.” 10 “No, please take them,” Jacob said. “If I have found favor in your sight, accept my gift from my hand. Now that I have seen your face and you have accepted me, it is as if I have seen the face of God. 11 Please take my present that was brought to you, for God has been generous to me and I have all I need.” When Jacob urged him, he took it. 12 Then Esau said, “Let’s be on our way! I will go in front of you.” 13 But Jacob said to him, “My lord knows that the children are young, and that I have to look after the sheep and cattle that are nursing their young. If they are driven too hard for even a single day, all the animals will die. 14 Let my lord go on ahead of his servant. I will travel more slowly, at the pace of the herds and the children, until I come to my lord at Seir.” 15 So Esau said, “Let me leave some of my men with you.” “Why do that?” Jacob replied. “My lord has already been kind enough to me.” 16 So that same day Esau made his way back to Seir. 17 But Jacob traveled to Sukkoth where he built himself a house and made shelters for his livestock. That is why the place was called Sukkoth.

Jacob Settles near Shechem

18 After he left Paddan Aram, Jacob came safely to the city of Shechem in the land of Canaan,⁠ and he camped near the city. 19 Then he purchased the portion of the field where he had pitched his tent; he bought it from the sons of Hamor, Shechem’s father, for 100 pieces of money.⁠ 20 There he set up an altar and called it “The God of Israel is God.”

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 33:19 and Joshua 24:32

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Genesis 33 describes Jacob buying land at Shechem for 100 pieces of money, a detail found in Joshua 24 when that plot becomes the burial site of Joseph. The repetition suggests a deliberate literary pattern, depicting Joshua in continuity with the Torah.

Passages

Genesis 33:19

Hebrew Bible
17 But Jacob traveled to Sukkoth where he built himself a house and made shelters for his livestock. That is why the place was called Sukkoth. 18 After he left Paddan Aram, Jacob came safely to the city of Shechem in the land of Canaan, and he camped near the city. 19 Then he purchased the portion of the field where he had pitched his tent; he bought it from the sons of Hamor, Shechem’s father, for 100 pieces of money. 20 There he set up an altar and called it “The God of Israel is God.”
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

Joshua 24:32

Hebrew Bible
30 They buried him in his allotted territory in Timnath Serah in the hill country of Ephraim, north of Mount Gaash. 31 Israel worshiped the Lord throughout Joshua’s lifetime and as long as the elderly men who outlived him remained alive. These men had experienced firsthand everything the Lord had done for Israel. 32 The bones of Joseph, which the Israelites had brought up from Egypt, were buried at Shechem in the part of the field that Jacob bought from the sons of Hamor, the father of Shechem, for 100 pieces of money. So it became the inheritance of the tribe of Joseph. 33 Eleazar son of Aaron died, and they buried him in Gibeah in the hill country of Ephraim, where his son Phinehas had been assigned land.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Joshua

References

"... It is common to hear that the chronological setting for the narrative frame is as early as the patriarchal period or even earlier. The actual evidence for this conclusion, however, is slight ... Wealth measured by cattle and flocks ... Patriarch serving as priest for the family ... Longevity (Job’s 140-year lifespan) ... No reference to covenant, Torah, exodus, etc. ... Roving Sabaean and Chaldean tribesmen ... Job 42:11 refers to a unit of money known elsewhere only in Genesis 33:19; Joshua 24:32 (both referring to money paid to the Shechemites for land) Most of these, however, can be explained by the non-Israelite setting. Job’s longevity is striking, but also it could simply be exceptional. The Chaldeans’ early history is too little known (they first appear in the first millennium BC), and the Sabeans are not identified with confidence, though as a North Arabian tribe they are more at home in the first millennium BC as well. The unit of money is obscure. None of these provide very convincing evidence, though little circumstantial evidence from the content would offer support of a later setting for the events either ..."
Tremper Longman and Peter Enns, Dictionary of the Old Testament: Wisdom, Poetry & Writings (Inter-Varsity, 2008), 344.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Genesis 33:19 and Joshua 24:32

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