Go to Related Reading
About this book

Genesis

About this book

Creation of the World

Chapter 1

1 In the beginning⁠ God created the heavens and the earth.⁠ 2 Now the earth was without shape and empty,⁠ and darkness was over the surface of the watery deep,⁠ but the Spirit of God was hovering11 over the surface of the water.⁠ 3 God said, “Let there be light.” And there was light!⁠ 4 God saw that the light was good,⁠ so God separated the light from the darkness.⁠ 5 God called the light “day” and the darkness “night.” There was evening, and there was morning, marking the first day.⁠ 6 God said, “Let there be an expanse in the midst of the waters and let it separate⁠ water from water.”⁠ 7 So God made the expanse and separated the water under the expanse from the water above it.⁠ It was so.⁠ 8 God called the expanse “sky.”⁠ There was evening, and there was morning, a second day. 9 God said, “Let the water under the sky be gathered to one place and let dry ground appear.”⁠ It was so.⁠ 10 God called the dry ground “land” and the gathered waters he called “seas.”⁠ God saw that it was good.⁠ 11 God said, “Let the land produce vegetation: plants yielding seeds and trees on the land bearing fruit with seed in it, according to their kinds.” It was so. 12 The land produced vegetation—plants yielding seeds according to their kinds, and trees bearing fruit with seed in it according to their kinds. God saw that it was good. 13 There was evening, and there was morning, a third day. 14 God said, “Let there be lights in the expanse of the sky⁠ to separate the day from the night,⁠ and let them be signs to indicate seasons and days and years,⁠ 15 and let them serve as lights in the expanse of the sky to give light on the earth.” It was so. 16 God made two great lights—the greater light to rule over the day and the lesser light to rule over the night.⁠ He made the stars also.⁠ 17 God placed the lights in the expanse of the sky to shine on the earth, 18 to preside over the day and the night, and to separate the light from the darkness. God saw that it was good. 19 There was evening, and there was morning, a fourth day. 20 God said, “Let the water swarm with swarms of living creatures and let birds fly above the earth across the expanse of the sky.”⁠ 21 God created the great sea creatures⁠ and every living and moving thing with which the water swarmed, according to their kinds, and every winged bird according to its kind.⁠ God saw that it was good. 22 God blessed them and said, “Be fruitful and multiply and fill the water in the seas, and let the birds multiply on the earth.”⁠ 23 There was evening, and there was morning, a fifth day. 24 God said, “Let the land produce living creatures according to their kinds: cattle, creeping things, and wild animals, each according to its kind.” It was so. 25 God made the wild animals according to their kinds, the cattle according to their kinds, and all the creatures that creep along the ground according to their kinds. God saw that it was good. 26 Then God said, “Let us make humankind in our image,⁠ after our likeness,⁠ so they may rule⁠ over⁠ the fish of the sea and the birds of the air, over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over all the creatures that move on the earth.”⁠ 27 God created humankind in his own image, in the image of God he created them,⁠ male and female he created them.⁠ 28 God blessed them and said to them, “Be fruitful and multiply!⁠ Fill the earth and subdue it!⁠ Rule over the fish of the sea and the birds of the air and every creature that moves on the ground.”⁠ 29 Then God said, “I now give you every seed-bearing plant on the face of the entire earth and every tree that has fruit with seed in it. They will be yours for food.⁠ 30 And to all the animals of the earth, and to every bird of the air, and to all the creatures that move on the ground—everything that has living breath in it—I⁠ give every green plant for food.” It was so. 31 God saw all that he had made—and it was very good!⁠ There was evening, and there was morning, the sixth day.

Texts in conversation

Compare Genesis 1:31 and Exodus 39:43

Hebrew Bible

Share:

Summary

Genesis and the account of building the tabernacle use the same language about completed work and approval. The shared pattern shows the cosmos formed in a way that echoes the making of the tabernacle.

Passages

Genesis 1:31

Hebrew Bible
29 Then God said, “I now give you every seed-bearing plant on the face of the entire earth and every tree that has fruit with seed in it. They will be yours for food. 30 And to all the animals of the earth, and to every bird of the air, and to all the creatures that move on the ground—everything that has living breath in it—I give every green plant for food.” It was so. 31 God saw all that he had made—and it was very good! There was evening, and there was morning, the sixth day.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis

Exodus 39:43

Hebrew Bible
41 the woven garments for serving in the sanctuary, the holy garments for Aaron the priest, and the garments for his sons to minister as priests. 42 The Israelites did all the work according to all that the Lord had commanded Moses. 43 Moses inspected all the work, and they had done it just as the Lord had commanded—they had done it exactly—and Moses blessed them.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Exodus

References

"... Particularly instructive in this connection is the Ugaritic text that tells of the building of Baal’s temple and describes the burning of the fire during six days (compare Exodus 35:3) with its extinguishing on the seventh day. In this manner, the work is brought to conclusion, and Baal begins with the preparations for the dedicatory festivities (ANET 2: 134 [Ginsberg]). Similarly, there is undoubtedly significance in Buber and Rosenzweig’s previously mentioned claims, that the completion of work on the Tabernacle is described in language that generally resembles the conclusion of P’s Creation narrative. The following comparison demonstrates this similarity (Genesis 1:31, Exodus 39:43; Genesis 2:1, Exodus 39:32; Genesis 2:2, Exodus 40:33; Genesis 2:3, Exodus 39:43) ... Practically speaking, the Sabbath commandment becomes operative with the building of the Tabernacle, which according to P represents the classic Revelation of God to his people. It appears that the priesthood dramatized the conclusion of Creation by the Sabbath in the same way that the people of the Ancient Near East dramatized the Creation in their cultic dramas. The Sabbath, in fact, represented the conclusion of a cultic cycle, for on the Sabbath they changed the showbread (Leviticus 24:5–9), and the temple guards (2 Kings 11:5, 9) ..."
Moshe Weinfeld, The Place of the Law in the Religion of Ancient Israel, VTSup 100 (Leiden: Brill, 2004), 100–101.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

Genesis 1:31 and Exodus 39:43

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library