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Exegesis on the Soul

About this book

Repentance

Chapter 5

And so it is appropriate to pray to the Father and to invoke him with all our soul, sighing, not outwardly with the lips, but with the inward spirit⁠ that comes from the depth, repenting the former life we led, confessing our sins, understanding the vacuous lie we lived in, and the hollow zealotry, wailing because of the darkness and the wave that engulfed us, weeping for ourselves so that he would show us compassion, hating ourselves because of what we are now.
The Savior again said: “Blessed are those who mourn, for they will be pitied.⁠ Blessed are those who are hungry, for they will be filled.”⁠
He said once more, “If one does not hate his soul he cannot follow me.”⁠
This is because the beginning of salvation is repentance.
And so, “Before Christ appeared, John came, preaching the baptism of repentance.”⁠
And repentance occurs in pain and sorrow.
The Father, however, is good and loves humanity, and he listens to the soul who calls on him, sending it the light of salvation.
By the Spirit he therefore said to the prophet: “Say to the children of my people: ‘[If] your sins reach [from earth to] heaven, and if they are [red] as scarlet, and blacker than sackcloth,⁠ [and if] you return to me with all your soul, and say to me “my Father!” I will listen to you as a holy people.’”
Yet another passage: “Thus says the Lord, the holy one of Israel: ‘If you return and weep, then you will be saved,⁠ and you will know where you were when you hoped in what is empty.’”
And in another passage, he said: “Jerusalem wept much, saying, ‘Have pity on me.’ He will be gracious to you at the sound of your weeping. And when he saw, he answered you.
And the Lord will give you bread of adversity and water of affliction. From now on, those who lie to you will not approach you again. Your eyes will see those who lie to you.⁠
And so it is appropriate to pray to God both night and day, spreading out our hands to him like those who sail in the middle of the sea.
They pray to God with all their heart without duplicity, because those who pray with duplicity only lie to themselves.
In fact, so that he might know who deserves salvation, God examines the inward parts and searches the depths of the heart.
For no one who is still in love with the place of lies deserves salvation.

Texts in conversation

Compare Luke 6:21 and Exegesis on the Soul 5:2

New Testament · Nag Hammadi

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Summary

In Luke, Jesus promises that the hungry will be filled. Exegesis on the Soul, a Nag Hammadi text, joins this promise with Matthew’s blessing for those who mourn, perhaps reflecting an early tradition of reading the sayings together.

Passages

Luke 6:21

New Testament
20 Then he looked up at his disciples and said: “Blessed are you who are poor, for the kingdom of God belongs to you. 21 Blessed are you who hunger now, for you will be satisfied. Blessed are you who weep now, for you will laugh. 22 Blessed are you when people hate you, and when they exclude you and insult you and reject you as evil on account of the Son of Man!
75–85 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Luke

Exegesis on the Soul 5:2

Nag Hammadi
And so it is appropriate to pray to the Father and to invoke him with all our soul, sighing, not outwardly with the lips, but with the inward spirit that comes from the depth, repenting the former life we led, confessing our sins, understanding the vacuous lie we lived in, and the hollow zealotry, wailing because of the darkness and the wave that engulfed us, weeping for ourselves so that he would show us compassion, hating ourselves because of what we are now. The Savior again said: “Blessed are those who mourn, for they will be pitied. Blessed are those who are hungry, for they will be filled.” He said once more, “If one does not hate his soul he cannot follow me.”
200–230 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Exegesis on the Soul

References

“... The Gnostic text, The Exegesis on the Soul (135.16-18), has a version of this beatitude much like that found in Luke. It is paired with an unusual version of the beatitude for those who mourn: The Saviour said: 'Blessed are those who mourn, for it is they who will be pitied,· blessed, those who are hungry, for it is they who will be filled. ' (Tuckett 1986:52) The first of these beatitudes may be a conflation of Matthew 5 .4 and 5. 7 or it could be purely a deviation from 5.4 by the tractate's author (Tuckett 1986:54). The second is evidence not only that the words for righteousness were not original but that the words and thirst were added later as well. On the other hand, this could be a conflation of readings from both Matthew and Luke. The fact that the beatitudes for those who mourn and those who hunger are joined here also indicates that there was a time when the two were paired together (i e, the third beatitude has either switched places with the second or was unknown by this community). ...”
Charles R. Day, “An Investigation of the Beatitudes of Matthew: Between Oral Tradition and Greek Text” (diss., University of Pretoria, 2004), 108.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Luke 6:21 and Exegesis on the Soul 5:2

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