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Exegesis on the Soul

About this book

The Fall of the Soul

Chapter 1

Long ago sages gave the soul a feminine name. She is in fact also female in her nature. She even has a womb. For as long as she dwelt in solitude with the Father, she was virgin, and in form she was androgynous. When she, however, fell into a body and entered this life, she then fell into the hands of many robbers.⁠ And the cruel creatures passed her between each other and [violated] her. Some used her forcefully, while others seduced her with a gift. To be brief, they defiled her, and she [lost] her virginity. And in her body she practiced prostitution and gave herself to all without exception, thinking of each one she was ready to embrace as her husband. When she had surrendered herself to cruel, faithless adulterers, so they could misuse her, she then moaned profoundly and repented. Yet even when she turned away her face from those adulterers, she ran to others, and they forced her to live with them and to be of service to them on their bed, as though they were her masters. Ashamed, she stopped daring to leave them. They, for their part, tricked her for a long time, posing as loyal, true husbands, as though they greatly reverenced her. And after all this, they forsook her and went away. Next she became a helpless, poor, desolate widow. In the time of her distress, not a morsel of food was left for her. All she ever gained from them was the sullying that came from sexual intercourse. And her children from the adulterers are dumb, blind, ailing, and weak-minded. When, however, the exalted Father visited her and looked on her, and saw her moaning in her pains and shame, repenting for the prostitution she practiced, and when she started to invoke his name that he might help her, [she moaned] with all her heart and said: “Save me, my Father. Look on me, because I will give [an account to you], because I forsook my house and escaped from my maiden’s quarters.⁠ Restore me to yourself once more.” When he beholds her in this condition, he will then consider her worthy of bestowing his mercy on her, because many are the sufferings that befell her because she forsook her house.

Texts in conversation

Compare Luke 10:30 and Exegesis on the Soul 1:4

New Testament · Nag Hammadi

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Summary

Luke 10 describes a traveler who falls into the hands of robbers on the road to Jericho. Exegesis on the Soul, a Nag Hammadi text, follows a similar pattern as the soul enters a body and falls into the hands of robbers who sexually abuse her.

Passages

Luke 10:30

New Testament
30 Jesus replied, “A man was going down from Jerusalem to Jericho, and fell into the hands of robbers, who stripped him, beat him up, and went off, leaving him half dead. 31 Now by chance a priest was going down that road, but when he saw the injured man, he passed by on the other side. 32 So too a Levite, when he came up to the place and saw him, passed by on the other side. 33 But a Samaritan who was traveling came to where the injured man was, and when he saw him, he felt compassion for him.
75–85 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Luke

Exegesis on the Soul 1:4

Nag Hammadi
For as long as she dwelt in solitude with the Father, she was virgin, and in form she was androgynous. When she, however, fell into a body and entered this life, she then fell into the hands of many robbers. And the cruel creatures passed her between each other and [violated] her. Some used her forcefully, while others seduced her with a gift. To be brief, they defiled her, and she [lost] her virginity. And in her body she practiced prostitution and gave herself to all without exception, thinking of each one she was ready to embrace as her husband.
200–230 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Exegesis on the Soul

References

“... Once the traveler has departed from the higher realm to the lower realm, obstacles and trials must inevitably follow, as part of the purpose of the journey is to obtain the knowledge and experience that will be pivotal to spiritual growth. In the Exegesis on the Soul, Sophia “fell into the hands of many robbers” who proceed to “pass her from one to the other” (Exeg. Soul 127:27–28), the result being that they “defiled her, and she [lost her] virginity” (Exeg. Soul 127:31–32).31 [...] In a similar fashion, the traveler in the parable of the good Samaritan “fell into the hands of robbers, who stripped him, beat him, and went away, leaving him half dead.” (Luke 10:30). ...”
Nicholas J. Frederick, “The ‘Journey of the Soul’ in Two Lucan Parables,” in Greco-Roman and Jewish Tributaries to the New Testament: Festschrift in Honor of Gregory J. Riley, ed. Christopher S. Crawford, Claremont Studies in New Testament and Christian Origins 4 (Claremont, CA: Claremont, 2018), 13.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Luke 10:30 and Exegesis on the Soul 1:4

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