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Epistle to Diognetus

About this book
Chapter 9

1 Having thus planned everything already in His mind with His Son, He permitted us during the former time to be carried along by disorderly impulses as we desired, led astray by pleasures and lusts, not at all because He took delight in our sins, but because He bore with us, not because He approved of the past season of iniquity, but because He was creating the present season of righteousness, that, being convicted in the past time by our own deeds as unworthy of life, we might now be made deserving by the goodness of God, and having made clear our inability to enter into the kingdom of God of ourselves, might be enabled by the ability of God.⁠ 2 And when our iniquity had been fully accomplished, and it had been made perfectly plain that punishment and death were expected as its reward, and the season came which God had ordained, when from then on He should show His goodness and power (O the exceedingly great kindness and love of God), He did not hate us, nor reject us, nor bear us malice, but was long-suffering and patient, and in pity for us took upon Himself our sins, and Himself parted with His own Son as a ransom for us, the holy for the lawless, the guileless for the evil, the just for the unjust,⁠ the incorruptible for the corruptible, the immortal for the mortal. 3 For what else but His righteousness would have covered our sins? 4 In whom was it possible for us lawless and ungodly men to have been justified, except only in the Son of God? 5 O the sweet exchange, O the inscrutable creation, O the unexpected benefits; that the iniquity of many should be concealed in One Righteous Man, and the righteousness of One should justify many that are iniquitous!⁠ 6 Having then in the former time demonstrated the inability of our nature to obtain life, and having now revealed a Savior able to save even creatures which have no ability, He willed that for both reasons we should believe in His goodness and should regard Him as nurse, father, teacher, counselor, physician, mind, light, honor, glory, strength and life.

Texts in conversation

Compare Romans 5:19 and Epistle to Diognetus 9:5

New Testament · Early Christian

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Summary

In Diognetus, the righteousness of one man is said to justify many who are sinful, echoing the language of Romans 5, where Paul compares Jesus with Adam and says that through the obedience of one man many will be made righteous.

Passages

Romans 5:19

New Testament
16 And the gift is not like the one who sinned. For judgment, resulting from the one transgression, led to condemnation, but the gracious gift from the many failures led to justification. 17 For if, by the transgression of the one man, death reigned through the one, how much more will those who receive the abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness reign in life through the one, Jesus Christ! 18 Consequently, just as condemnation for all people came through one transgression, so too through the one righteous act came righteousness leading to life for all people. 19 For just as through the disobedience of the one man many were constituted sinners, so also through the obedience of one man many will be constituted righteous.
55–58 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Romans

Epistle to Diognetus 9:5

Early Christian
3 For what else but His righteousness would have covered our sins? 4 In whom was it possible for us lawless and ungodly men to have been justified, except only in the Son of God? 5 O the sweet exchange, O the inscrutable creation, O the unexpected benefits; that the iniquity of many should be concealed in One Righteous Man, and the righteousness of One should justify many that are iniquitous! 6 Having then in the former time demonstrated the inability of our nature to obtain life, and having now revealed a Savior able to save even creatures which have no ability, He willed that for both reasons we should believe in His goodness and should regard Him as nurse, father, teacher, counselor, physician, mind, light, honor, glory, strength and life.
150–250 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Epistle to Diognetus

References

“... Polycarp likewise appeals to Isaiah 53: he identifies Jesus as “the guarantee of our righteousness [arrabōni tēs dikaiosynēs hēmōn], the one who bore our sins in his own body upon the tree” (Pol. Phil. 8.1; Is 53:3–5 [LXX]; cf. 1 Pet 2:24). Diognetus invokes more Adamic imagery when describing Jesus as that “one righteous man [dikaiō heni] who justifies many sinners” (Diogn. 9.5; cf. Rom 5:15). ...”
Ralph P. Martin and Peter H. Davids, eds., Dictionary of the Later New Testament & Its Developments (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1997), 1502.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Romans 5:19 and Epistle to Diognetus 9:5

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