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Epistle to Diognetus

About this book
Chapter 9

1 Having thus planned everything already in His mind with His Son, He permitted us during the former time to be carried along by disorderly impulses as we desired, led astray by pleasures and lusts, not at all because He took delight in our sins, but because He bore with us, not because He approved of the past season of iniquity, but because He was creating the present season of righteousness, that, being convicted in the past time by our own deeds as unworthy of life, we might now be made deserving by the goodness of God, and having made clear our inability to enter into the kingdom of God of ourselves, might be enabled by the ability of God.⁠ 2 And when our iniquity had been fully accomplished, and it had been made perfectly plain that punishment and death were expected as its reward, and the season came which God had ordained, when from then on He should show His goodness and power (O the exceedingly great kindness and love of God), He did not hate us, nor reject us, nor bear us malice, but was long-suffering and patient, and in pity for us took upon Himself our sins, and Himself parted with His own Son as a ransom for us, the holy for the lawless, the guileless for the evil, the just for the unjust,⁠ the incorruptible for the corruptible, the immortal for the mortal. 3 For what else but His righteousness would have covered our sins? 4 In whom was it possible for us lawless and ungodly men to have been justified, except only in the Son of God? 5 O the sweet exchange, O the inscrutable creation, O the unexpected benefits; that the iniquity of many should be concealed in One Righteous Man, and the righteousness of One should justify many that are iniquitous!⁠ 6 Having then in the former time demonstrated the inability of our nature to obtain life, and having now revealed a Savior able to save even creatures which have no ability, He willed that for both reasons we should believe in His goodness and should regard Him as nurse, father, teacher, counselor, physician, mind, light, honor, glory, strength and life.

Texts in conversation

Compare John 3:5 and Epistle to Diognetus 9:1

New Testament · Early Christian

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Summary

In Diognetus, people cannot enter God's kingdom alone and are enabled by God's power. In John 3, Jesus says no one can enter God's kingdom without being born of water and spirit, language that Diognetus may echo.

Passages

John 3:5

New Testament
3 Jesus replied, “I tell you the solemn truth, unless a person is born from above, he cannot see the kingdom of God.” 4 Nicodemus said to him, “How can a man be born when he is old? He cannot enter his mother’s womb and be born a second time, can he?” 5 Jesus answered, “I tell you the solemn truth, unless a person is born of water and spirit, he cannot enter the kingdom of God. 6 What is born of the flesh is flesh, and what is born of the Spirit is spirit. 7 Do not be amazed that I said to you, ‘You must all be born from above.’
90–110 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in John

Epistle to Diognetus 9:1

Early Christian
1 Having thus planned everything already in His mind with His Son, He permitted us during the former time to be carried along by disorderly impulses as we desired, led astray by pleasures and lusts, not at all because He took delight in our sins, but because He bore with us, not because He approved of the past season of iniquity, but because He was creating the present season of righteousness, that, being convicted in the past time by our own deeds as unworthy of life, we might now be made deserving by the goodness of God, and having made clear our inability to enter into the kingdom of God of ourselves, might be enabled by the ability of God.
150–250 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Epistle to Diognetus

References

“... When the author of Ad Diognetum 9. 1 says that Christians have been shown (φανερώσαντες) that they are unable ‘to enter the kingdom of God (εἰσελθεῖν εἰς τὴν Βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ) on our own’ but also that they are now ‘enabled to do so by God’s power (τῇ δυνάμει τοῦ θεοῦ)’, one has to wonder whether the demonstration he has in mind is not found in the announcement of Jesus in John 3: 5, ‘Truly, truly, I say to you, unless one is born of water and the Spirit [John 3: 3, unless one is born anew], he cannot enter the kingdom of God (οὐ δύναται εἰσελθεῖν τὴν βασιλείαν τοῦ θεοῦ)’. ...”
Charles E. Hill, The Johannine Corpus in the Early Church (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004), 363–364.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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John 3:5 and Epistle to Diognetus 9:1

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