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About this book

Didache

About this book

Rules for Living Together

Chapter 4

1 My child, remember day and night the one who teaches you God's word, and honor him as you would the Lord, for wherever the Lord's nature is spoken of, the Lord is present.⁠ 2 Seek the company of holy people every day so you may find comfort in their words. 3 Don't seek division but reconcile those in conflict. Make fair judgments; don't show favoritism when correcting wrongs. 4 Don't be double-minded about whether something should be or not.⁠ 5 Don't be someone who is eager to receive but reluctant to give.⁠ 6 Give a portion of what you've earned with your hands as a ransom for your sins.⁠ 7 Don't hesitate to give, and don't complain when you do, for you'll know who rewards you well. 8 Don't turn away those in need, but share everything with your family, and don't claim it as your own. If you share in what is eternal, how much more should you share in what is perishable?⁠ 9 Don't withhold correction from your son or daughter, but teach them to respect God from a young age.⁠ 10 Don't treat your slaves harshly out of anger,⁠ especially if they believe in the same God, or they may stop fearing the God who oversees you both. God doesn't show favoritism, but calls those prepared by the Spirit. 11 If you are a slave, obey your master as you would God's representative, with respect and fear. 12 Hate all hypocrisy and everything displeasing to the Lord. 13 Don't abandon God's commandments, but keep what you've received, without adding to it or taking anything away.⁠ 14 Confess your sins in the congregation, and don't pray with a guilty conscience.⁠ This is the way of life.

Texts in conversation

Compare 1QS 1:15 and Didache 4:13

Dead Sea Scrolls, Sectarian and Community Texts · Early Christian

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Summary

In the Community Rule from the Dead Sea Scrolls, new members vow never to stray from God's commands to the right or left. In the Didache, an early church manual, Christians are similarly taught to guard the commandments they received.

Passages

1QS 1:15

Dead Sea Scrolls, Sectarian and Community Texts · Community Rule
13 according to the perfection of his ways, and all their wealth according to his righteous counsel; and not to step aside from any one 14 of all the words of God in their ages, and not to advance their times or to fall behind 15 any of their appointed times; and not to turn from his true statutes to go to the right or to the left. 16 And all who come into the rule of the community shall pass over into the covenant before God, to do 17 according to all that he has commanded, and not to turn back from following him because of any fear or dread or testing
160–100 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1QS

Didache 4:13

Early Christian
10 Don't treat your slaves harshly out of anger, especially if they believe in the same God, or they may stop fearing the God who oversees you both. God doesn't show favoritism, but calls those prepared by the Spirit. 11 If you are a slave, obey your master as you would God's representative, with respect and fear. 12 Hate all hypocrisy and everything displeasing to the Lord. 13 Don't abandon God's commandments, but keep what you've received, without adding to it or taking anything away. 14 Confess your sins in the congregation, and don't pray with a guilty conscience. This is the way of life.
90–120 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Didache

References

“... 1QS 1:13-18 has a very similar instruction: [...]. The emphasis on correct observation of time is peculiar to the sectarian teaching of QL, with its different calendar and Solar year. However, the injunction to fulfil the whole Law, without any deviation, adding or subtracting, comes from the Covenant terminology of Deut. 4:2; 13:1. ...”
Jonathan Alfred Draper, “A Commentary on the Didache in the Light of the Dead Sea Scrolls and Related Documents” (PhD diss., University of Cambridge, 1983), 111.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1QS 1:15 and Didache 4:13

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