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Deuteronomy

About this book
Chapter 13

1 Suppose a prophet or one who foretells by dreams should appear among you⁠ and show you a sign or wonder, 2 and the sign or wonder should come to pass concerning what he said to you, namely, “Let us follow other gods”—gods whom you have not previously known—“and let us serve them.” 3 You must not listen to the words of that prophet or dreamer, for the Lord your God will be testing you to see if you love him with all your mind and being. 4 You must follow the Lord your God and revere only him; and you must observe his commandments, obey him, serve him, and remain loyal to him. 5 As for that prophet or dreamer, he must be executed because he encouraged rebellion against the Lord your God who brought you from the land of Egypt, redeeming you from that place of slavery, and because he has tried to entice you from the way the Lord your God has commanded you to go. In this way you must purge evil from among you.⁠ 6 Suppose your own full brother, your son, your daughter, your beloved wife, or your closest friend⁠ should seduce you secretly and encourage you to go and serve other gods that neither you nor your ancestors have previously known,⁠ 7 the gods of the surrounding people (whether near you or far from you, from one end of the earth to the other). 8 You must not give in to him or even listen to him; do not feel sympathy for him or spare him or cover up for him. 9 Instead, you must kill him without fail! Your own hand must be the first to strike him, and then the hands of the whole community. 10 You must stone him to death because he tried to entice you away from the Lord your God, who delivered you from the land of Egypt, that place of slavery. 11 Thus all Israel will hear and be afraid; no longer will they continue to do evil like this among you. 12 Suppose you should hear in one of your cities, which the Lord your God is giving you as a place to live, that 13 some evil people have departed from among you to entice the inhabitants of their cities, saying, “Let’s go and serve other gods” (whom you have not known before). 14 You must investigate thoroughly and inquire carefully. If it is indeed true that such a disgraceful thing is being done among you,⁠ 15 you must by all means slaughter the inhabitants of that city with the sword; annihilate with the sword everyone in it, as well as the livestock. 16 You must gather all of its plunder into the middle of the plaza and burn the city and all its plunder as a whole burnt offering to the Lord your God. It will be an abandoned ruin forever—it must never be rebuilt again. 17 You must not take for yourself anything that has been placed under judgment. Then the Lord will relent from his intense anger, show you compassion, have mercy on you, and multiply you as he promised your ancestors. 18 Thus you must obey the Lord your God, keeping all his commandments that I am giving you today and doing what is right before him.

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Compare Deuteronomy 13:15 and Judges 20:48

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Deuteronomy 13 commands that if a city is led into idolatry, it must be destroyed completely, with all people and animals wiped out. Judges depicts this command being carried out against Benjamin, using the same language of annihilation.

Passages

Deuteronomy 13:15

Hebrew Bible
13 some evil people have departed from among you to entice the inhabitants of their cities, saying, “Let’s go and serve other gods” (whom you have not known before). 14 You must investigate thoroughly and inquire carefully. If it is indeed true that such a disgraceful thing is being done among you, 15 you must by all means slaughter the inhabitants of that city with the sword; annihilate with the sword everyone in it, as well as the livestock. 16 You must gather all of its plunder into the middle of the plaza and burn the city and all its plunder as a whole burnt offering to the Lord your God. It will be an abandoned ruin forever—it must never be rebuilt again. 17 You must not take for yourself anything that has been placed under judgment. Then the Lord will relent from his intense anger, show you compassion, have mercy on you, and multiply you as he promised your ancestors.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Deuteronomy

Judges 20:48

Hebrew Bible
44 So 18,000 Benjaminites, all of them capable warriors, fell dead. 45 The rest turned and ran toward the wilderness, heading toward the cliff of Rimmon. But the Israelites caught 5,000 of them on the main roads. They stayed right on their heels all the way to Gidom and struck down 2,000 more. 46 That day 25,000 sword-wielding Benjaminites fell in battle, all of them capable warriors. 47 But 600 survivors turned and ran away to the wilderness, to the cliff of Rimmon. They stayed there four months. 48 The Israelites returned to the Benjaminite towns and put the sword to them. They wiped out the cities, the animals, and everything they could find. They set fire to every city in their path.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Judges

References

"... When this collocation is considered with other thematic and phraseological correspondences between Judges 17-18 and Deuteronomy 12, on the one hand, and between Judges 19-21 and Deuteronomy 13, on the other, the probability increases that Judges' compiler / redactor intended 17-18 and 19-21 to be read in the light of the covenant regulations endorsed by Deuteronomy 12 and 13, respectively. It is my aim to demonstrate that, whatever other narrative analogies may exist between Judges 17-18 and 19-21 and other biblical narratives (e.g., Numbers 12:16-14:25 and Genesis 19:1-11, respectively), their correlation with Deuteronomy 12 and 13 also controls, at least to some extent, the rhetorical strategy of the Judges compiler/redactor ... Few have acknowledged more than a tacit correspondence between the narrative portions of Judges 17-18 and the stipulations enjoined in Deuteronomy 12, perhaps because the latter are generally assumed to have arisen first in connection with the centralization of the cult at Jerusalem under the monarchy of Judah. However, many have noted correspondences between Judges 19:1-21:24 and Deuteronomy 13, e.g., Moore, Judges (1895), Judges 20:40 and Deuteronomy 13:17, Judges 20:48 and Deuteronomy 13:15-16); S. Niditch, "The 'Sodomite' Theme in Judges 19-20: Family, Community, and Social Disintegration", Judges 20:48 and Deuteronomy 13:16-17). No one has yet commented on the implicit incrimination that this correspondence levels against Israel when the plot-structure of Judges 19:1-21:24 is read against the covenant requirements of Deuteronomy 13 ..."
Robert H. O’Connell, The Rhetoric of the Book of Judges (Leiden: Brill, 1996), 231.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Deuteronomy 13:15 and Judges 20:48

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