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Daniel

About this book
Chapter 8

1 In the third year of King Belshazzar’s reign, a vision appeared to me, Daniel, after the one that had appeared to me previously. 2 In this vision I saw myself in Susa the citadel, which is located in the province of Elam. In the vision I saw myself at the Ulai Canal. 3 I looked up and saw a ram with two horns standing at the canal. Its two horns were both long, but one was longer than the other. The longer one was coming up after the shorter one. 4 I saw that the ram was butting westward, northward, and southward. No animal was able to stand before it, and there was none who could deliver from its power. It did as it pleased and acted arrogantly. 5 While I was contemplating all this, a male goat was coming from the west over the surface of all the land without touching the ground. This goat had a conspicuous horn between its eyes. 6 It came to the two-horned ram that I had seen standing beside the canal and rushed against it with raging strength. 7 I saw it approaching the ram. It went into a fit of rage against the ram and struck it and broke off its two horns. The ram had no ability to resist it. The goat hurled the ram to the ground and trampled it. No one could deliver the ram from its power. 8 The male goat acted even more arrogantly. But no sooner had the large horn become strong than it was broken, and there arose four conspicuous horns in its place, extending toward the four winds of the sky. 9 From one of them came a small horn, but it grew to be very great toward the south and the east and toward the beautiful land. 10 It grew so great it reached the army of heaven, and it brought about the fall of some of the army and some of the stars to the ground, where it trampled them.⁠ 11 It also acted arrogantly against the Prince of the army, from whom the daily sacrifice was removed and whose sanctuary was thrown down. 12 The army was given over, along with the daily sacrifice, in the course of his sinful rebellion. It hurled truth to the ground and enjoyed success. 13 Then I heard a holy one speaking. Another holy one said to the one who was speaking, “To what period of time does the vision pertain—this vision concerning the daily sacrifice and the destructive act of rebellion and the giving over of both the sanctuary and army to be trampled?” 14 He said to me, “To 2,300 evenings and mornings; then the sanctuary will be put right again.” 15 While I, Daniel, was watching the vision, I sought to understand it. Now one who appeared to be a man was standing before me. 16 Then I heard a human voice coming from between the banks of the Ulai. It called out, “Gabriel, enable this person to understand the vision.” 17 So he approached the place where I was standing. As he came, I felt terrified and fell flat on the ground. Then he said to me, “Understand, son of man, that the vision pertains to the time of the end.” 18 As he spoke with me, I fell into a trance with my face to the ground. But he touched me and stood me upright. 19 Then he said, “I am going to inform you about what will happen in the latter time of wrath, for the vision pertains to the appointed time of the end. 20 The ram that you saw with the two horns stands for the kings of Media and Persia. 21 The male goat is the king of Greece, and the large horn between its eyes is the first king. 22 The horn that was broken and in whose place there arose four others stands for four kingdoms that will arise from his nation, though they will not have his strength. 23 Toward the end of their rule, when rebellious acts are complete,⁠ a rash and deceitful king will arise.⁠ 24 His power will be great, but it will not be by his strength alone. He will cause terrible destruction. He will be successful in what he undertakes. He will destroy powerful people and the people of the holy ones. 25 By his treachery he will succeed through deceit. He will have an arrogant attitude, and he will destroy many who are unaware of his schemes. He will rise up against the Prince of princes, yet he will be broken apart—but not by human agency. 26 The vision of the evenings and mornings that was told to you is correct. But you should seal up the vision, for it refers to a time many days from now.”⁠ 27 I, Daniel, was exhausted and sick for days. Then I got up and again carried out the king’s business. But I was astonished at the vision, and there was no one to explain it.

Texts in conversation

Compare Daniel 8:26 and Revelation 10:4

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

Daniel is told to seal up his apocalyptic vision because it concerns events far in the future, an idea of apocalyptic secrecy also found in Revelation, which similarly commands John not to write down the message of the seven thunders.

Passages

Daniel 8:26

Hebrew Bible
24 His power will be great, but it will not be by his strength alone. He will cause terrible destruction. He will be successful in what he undertakes. He will destroy powerful people and the people of the holy ones. 25 By his treachery he will succeed through deceit. He will have an arrogant attitude, and he will destroy many who are unaware of his schemes. He will rise up against the Prince of princes, yet he will be broken apart—but not by human agency. 26 The vision of the evenings and mornings that was told to you is correct. But you should seal up the vision, for it refers to a time many days from now.” 27 I, Daniel, was exhausted and sick for days. Then I got up and again carried out the king’s business. But I was astonished at the vision, and there was no one to explain it.
200–101 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Daniel

Revelation 10:4

New Testament
2 He held in his hand a little scroll that was open, and he put his right foot on the sea and his left on the land. 3 Then he shouted in a loud voice like a lion roaring, and when he shouted, the seven thunders sounded their voices. 4 When the seven thunders spoke, I was preparing to write, but just then I heard a voice from heaven say, “Seal up what the seven thunders spoke and do not write it down.” 5 Then the angel I saw standing on the sea and on the land raised his right hand to heaven 6 and swore by the one who lives forever and ever, who created heaven and what is in it, and the earth and what is in it, and the sea and what is in it, “There will be no more delay!
92–96 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Revelation

References

"... In case the subtleties of this theme were to be missed by a seer and his audience, on several occasions the divine guide who shows the vision and interprets it will subsequently command that the revelation must now be kept secret, at least until the time of the end. in Daniel 8:26, Daniel is told to seal up the vision, “as it concerns the future.” (in Daniel 7:28, the seer keeps the vision to himself, though he is not instructed to do so.) in 4 Ezra 14, by divine guidance the scribe Ezra and five colleagues produce 204 books of law to guide the new Jewish community in the future, but 70 of these are to be kept secret and only shown to the wise. Of course, the fact of the matter is that these texts are not hidden; they have an audience and readers who, presumably, count themselves among those afflicted by the events addressed in the seers’ visions. since these writings were to have been concealed until the appropriate time in the future, when they could edify and be understood by the special group of suffering people, the dynamic of revelation and concealment also has the function of imparting the significance of the time to its readers—and thereby affirming to the community that created, preserved, or read the texts that they, indeed, are the righteous, special, set-apart ones in God’s sacred history. By reversing the command and ordering that the vision not be sealed up, for the time is at hand, the angel at Revelation 22:10 seems to be both alluding to the tradition of concealing the revelation in apocalypse and explicitly defying it to make the point that this time is different—this time, the end is now. The exception proves the rule ..."
Dereck Dasche, "Apocalypse and Trauma" in Collins, John J. (ed.) The Oxford Handbook of Apocalyptic Literature (Oxford University Press, 2014), 457–472.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Daniel 8:26 and Revelation 10:4

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