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Daniel

About this book
Chapter 6

1 It seemed like a good idea to Darius to appoint over the kingdom 120 satraps who would be in charge of the entire kingdom. 2 Over them would be three supervisors, one of whom was Daniel. These satraps were accountable to them, so that the king’s interests might not incur damage. 3 Now this Daniel was distinguishing himself above the other supervisors and the satraps, for he had an extraordinary spirit. In fact, the king intended to appoint him over the entire kingdom. 4 Consequently the supervisors and satraps were trying to find some pretext against Daniel in connection with administrative matters. But they were unable to find any such damaging evidence because he was trustworthy and guilty of no negligence or corruption. 5 So these men concluded, “We won’t find any pretext against this man Daniel unless it is in connection with the law of his God.” 6 So these supervisors and satraps came by collusion to the king and said to him, “O King Darius, live forever! 7 To all the supervisors of the kingdom, the prefects, satraps, counselors, and governors it seemed like a good idea for a royal edict to be issued and an interdict to be enforced. For the next 30 days anyone who prays to any god or human other than you, O king, should be thrown into a den of lions. 8 Now let the king issue a written interdict so that it cannot be altered, according to the law of the Medes and Persians, which cannot be changed.” 9 So King Darius issued the written interdict. 10 When Daniel realized that a written decree had been issued, he entered his home, where the windows in his upper room opened toward Jerusalem. Three times daily he was kneeling and offering prayers and thanks to his God just as he had been accustomed to do previously.⁠ 11 Then those officials who had gone to the king came by collusion and found Daniel praying and asking for help before his God. 12 So they approached the king and said to him, “Did you not issue an edict to the effect that for the next 30 days anyone who prays to any god or human other than to you, O king, would be thrown into a den of lions?” The king replied, “That is correct, according to the law of the Medes and Persians, which cannot be changed.” 13 Then they said to the king, “Daniel, who is one of the captives from Judah, pays no attention to you, O king, or to the edict that you issued. Three times daily he offers his prayer.” 14 When the king heard this, he was very upset and began thinking about how he might rescue Daniel. Until late afternoon he was struggling to find a way to rescue him. 15 Then those men came by collusion to the king and said to him, “Recall, O king, that it is a law of the Medes and Persians that no edict or decree that the king issues can be changed.” 16 So the king gave the order, and Daniel was brought and thrown into a den of lions. The king consoled Daniel by saying, “Your God whom you continually serve will rescue you!” 17 Then a stone was brought and placed over the opening to the den. The king sealed it with his signet ring and with those of his nobles so that nothing could be changed with regard to Daniel. 18 Then the king departed to his palace. But he spent the night without eating, and no diversions were brought to him. He was unable to sleep. 19 In the morning, at the earliest sign of daylight, the king got up and rushed to the lions’ den. 20 As he approached the den, he called out to Daniel in a worried voice, “Daniel, servant of the living God, was your God whom you continually serve able to rescue you from the lions?”⁠ 21 Then Daniel spoke to the king, “O king, live forever! 22 My God sent his angel and closed the lions’ mouths⁠ so that they have not harmed me⁠ because I was found to be innocent before him. Nor have I done any harm to you, O king.” 23 Then the king was delighted and gave an order to haul Daniel up from the den. So Daniel was hauled up out of the den. He had no injury of any kind because he had trusted in his God. 24 The king gave another order, and those men who had maliciously accused Daniel were brought and thrown into the lions’ den—they, their children, and their wives. They did not even reach the bottom of the den before the lions overpowered them and crushed all their bones. 25 Then King Darius wrote to all the peoples, nations, and language groups who were living in all the land: “Peace and prosperity! 26 I have issued an edict that throughout all the dominion of my kingdom people are to revere and fear the God of Daniel. “For he is the living God; he endures forever. His kingdom will not be destroyed; his authority is forever.⁠ 27 He rescues and delivers and performs signs and wonders in the heavens and on the earth. He has rescued Daniel from the power of the lions!” 28 So this Daniel prospered during the reign of Darius and the reign of Cyrus the Persian.

Texts in conversation

Compare Daniel 6:20 and Acts of Paul and Thecla 33

Hebrew Bible · Early Christian

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Summary

Daniel is described being thrown to the lions but survives because God closed their mouths. The Acts of Paul and Thecla echoes this where Thecla faces wild beasts in the arena, but none touch her, and she calls herself a servant of the living God.

Passages

Daniel 6:20

Hebrew Bible
18 Then the king departed to his palace. But he spent the night without eating, and no diversions were brought to him. He was unable to sleep. 19 In the morning, at the earliest sign of daylight, the king got up and rushed to the lions’ den. 20 As he approached the den, he called out to Daniel in a worried voice, “Daniel, servant of the living God, was your God whom you continually serve able to rescue you from the lions?” 21 Then Daniel spoke to the king, “O king, live forever! 22 My God sent his angel and closed the lions’ mouths so that they have not harmed me because I was found to be innocent before him. Nor have I done any harm to you, O king.”
200–101 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Daniel

Acts of Paul and Thecla 33

Early Christian · Paul and Thecla
37 And the governor called Thecla from among the beasts, and said to her: Who are you? And what is it about you that not one of the beasts has touched you? But she said: I am the servant of the living God; and as for what is about me, it is that I have believed in his Son, in whom God is well pleased; for his sake not one of the beasts has touched me. For he alone is the goal (or way) of salvation and the substance of immortal life; for to those who are tossed about he is a refuge, to the oppressed relief, to those in despair shelter, and, in a word, whoever does not believe in him will not live, but will die forever.
160–190 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Acts of Paul and Thecla

References

... It is God's act that the story relates, not Daniel's or the lions'. We are told nothing of what actually happened in the lion pit. There is a contrast between the restraint of Daniel's story and the extravagance of (e.g.) the second century A.D. Acts of Paul and Thecla 8–9 (see E. Hennecke, New Testament Apocrypha vol. 2). ...
John E. Goldingay, Word Biblical Commentary: Daniel (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2017), 329.
... A different but equally absurd effect is observed in Acts of Paul and Thecla 32–35, where four times beasts are thwarted from killing the condemned Thecla; in one, women sympathetic to Thecla throw perfumes that calm the wild beasts. ...
Lawrence M. Wills, Introduction to the Apocrypha: Jewish Books in Christian Bibles (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2021), 83.
... Finally, another pivotal feature is how fire becomes a protective enclosure that saves the martyr during future tribulations. This motif constitutes a curious parallel to the Martyrdom of Polycarp, where fire functions as a protective layer that saves the martyr from death. In short, what normally kills becomes the means of preservation. ...
Andrei A. Orlov, Demons of Change: Antagonism and Apotheosis in Jewish and Christian Apocalypticism (Albany, NY: State University of New York, 2020), 62.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Daniel 6:20 and Acts of Paul and Thecla 33

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