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1 Clement

First Epistle of Clement to the Corinthians

About this book

Moses Settles the Dispute over the Priesthood

Chapter 43

1 And is it any wonder that those who were entrusted in Christ with such a work by God appointed the persons already mentioned? For even the blessed Moses who was a faithful servant in all His house⁠ recorded as a sign in the sacred books everything that was commanded him. And the rest of the prophets followed him, bearing witness with him to the laws he had laid down. 2 For when jealousy arose over the priesthood, and the tribes were disputing which of them was adorned with the glorious name, he commanded the twelve chiefs of the tribes to bring him rods inscribed with the name of each tribe. And he took them and tied them and sealed them with the signet rings of the chiefs of the tribes, and put them away in the tabernacle of the testimony on the table of God. 3 And having shut the tabernacle he sealed the keys and the doors as well. 4 And he said to them, “Brothers and sisters, the tribe whose rod buds is the one God has chosen to be priests and ministers⁠ to Him.” 5 Now when morning came, he called together all Israel, the six hundred thousand men, and showed the seals to the chiefs of the tribes and opened the tabernacle of the testimony and took out the rods. And the rod of Aaron was found not only with buds, but also bearing fruit. 6 What do you think, dear friends? Did Moses not know beforehand that this would happen? Certainly he knew it. But he did this so that disorder would not arise in Israel, and so that the Name of the true and only God might be glorified: to whom be the glory forever and ever. Amen.

Texts in conversation

Compare LXX Numbers 17:20 and Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 43:4

Septuagint · Early Christian

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Summary

In 1 Clement, the author retells the story of the budding staff of Aaron from Numbers 17 as an earlier argument over who should hold the priesthood, and treats the way Moses settled it as a precedent for the apostles appointing leaders to prevent strife.

Passages

LXX Numbers 17:20

Septuagint
20 And it shall be, the man whom I shall choose, his rod shall blossom; and I will remove from me the murmuring of the children of Israel, which they murmur against you. 21 And Moses spoke to the children of Israel, and all their chiefs gave him a rod each, for one chief a rod, according to the house of their families, twelve rods; and the rod of Aaron was in the midst of the rods. 22 And Moses laid up the rods before the Lord in the tabernacle of witness. 23 And it happened on the next day, that Moses and Aaron went into the tabernacle of witness; and, look, the rod of Aaron for the house of Levi blossomed, and put forth a bud, and bloomed blossoms and produced almonds.
300–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Numbers

Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 43:4

Early Christian · First Epistle of Clement to the Corinthians
2 For when jealousy arose over the priesthood, and the tribes were disputing which of them was adorned with the glorious name, he commanded the twelve chiefs of the tribes to bring him rods inscribed with the name of each tribe. And he took them and tied them and sealed them with the signet rings of the chiefs of the tribes, and put them away in the tabernacle of the testimony on the table of God. 3 And having shut the tabernacle he sealed the keys and the doors as well. 4 And he said to them, “Brothers and sisters, the tribe whose rod buds is the one God has chosen to be priests and ministers to Him.”
90–100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Clement of Rome, 1 Clement

References

“... 1 Clement offers some interpretations that can be classified as allegorical and typological. As instances of the former, one may refer to the interpretation of the scarlet cord of Rahab (Josh 2:18) as a prophecy of redemption through the blood of Christ (1 Clem. 12.7) and the interpretation of the “gate” through which the righteous enter (Ps 117:19–20) as Christ (1 Clem. 48.2-4). These interpretations are part of the early church’s general christological reading of the OT. As instances of typology may be cited the parallels to the situation in the church at Corinth drawn from Deuteronomy 32:15 (1 Clem. 3.1); Isaiah 3:3–4 (1 Clem. 3.5); and Numbers 17 (1 Clem. 43). These latter agree with Clement’s predominantly paraenetic use of the OT for moral and ecclesiological lessons. ...”
Ralph P. Martin and Peter H. Davids, eds., Dictionary of the Later New Testament & Its Developments (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1997), 1197.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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LXX Numbers 17:20 and Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 43:4

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