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1 Clement

First Epistle of Clement to the Corinthians

About this book

God Rewards Good Works

Chapter 34

1 The good workman receives the bread of his work with confidence, but the lazy and slack one does not dare look his employer in the face. 2 So we must be eager to do good; for all things come from Him. 3 since He forewarns us saying, “Look, the Lord, and His reward is before His face, to repay each man according to his work.”⁠ 4 So He urges us to believe in Him with our whole heart, and not to be idle or slack in any good work. 5 Let our boast and our confidence be in Him: let us submit ourselves to His will; let us note the whole host of His angels, how they stand by and serve His will. 6 For the scripture says, “Ten thousands of ten thousands stood by Him, and thousands of thousands served Him: and they cried aloud, ‘Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of Sabaoth; all creation is full of His glory.’”⁠ 7 Yes, and let us also, gathered together in harmony and with earnest hearts, cry out to Him earnestly as with one mouth, so that we may share in His great and glorious promises. 8 For He says, “Eye has not seen and ear has not heard, and it has not entered into the heart of man what great things He has prepared for those who patiently wait for Him.”⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare LXX Isaiah 6:3 and LXX Daniel 7:10 and Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 34:6

Septuagint · Early Christian

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Summary

In 1 Clement, the author joins the countless angels around the throne in Daniel 7 to the cry of holy, holy, holy in Isaiah 6 and cites the result as a single scripture, likely because Clement found them already joined in a collection of excerpts.

Passages

LXX Isaiah 6:3

Septuagint
1 And it happened in the year in which king Uzziah died, that I saw the Lord sitting on a high and exalted throne, and the house was full of his glory. 2 And seraphs stood all around him: each one had six wings: and with two they covered their face, and with two they covered their feet, and with two they flew. 3 And one cried to the other, and they said, Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of Sabaoth: the whole earth is full of his glory. 4 And the lintel shook at the voice they uttered, and the house was filled with smoke.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Isaiah

LXX Daniel 7:10

Septuagint
9 I watched until thrones were set, and one Ancient of days sat, having a garment like snow, and the hair of his head like pure white wool; the throne was like a flame of fire. 10 And a river of fire went forth before his face; a thousand thousands served him, and ten thousand times ten thousand stood before him; and the court sat, and books were opened. 11 I watched then the sound of the great words which the horn spoke; and the beast was beaten to death, and its body perished, and it was given to be burned with fire.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Daniel

Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 34:6

Early Christian · First Epistle of Clement to the Corinthians
5 Let our boast and our confidence be in Him: let us submit ourselves to His will; let us note the whole host of His angels, how they stand by and serve His will. 6 For the scripture says, “Ten thousands of ten thousands stood by Him, and thousands of thousands served Him: and they cried aloud, ‘Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of Sabaoth; all creation is full of His glory.’” 7 Yes, and let us also, gathered together in harmony and with earnest hearts, cry out to Him earnestly as with one mouth, so that we may share in His great and glorious promises.
90–100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Clement of Rome, 1 Clement

References

“... It is also quoted in 1 Clem 34:6 (nearly contemporaneous with Revelation), in which Isa 6:3 is conflated with Dan 7:10 (the latter passage is alluded to in Rev 5:11): “For the Scripture says, ‘Ten thousand times ten thousand stood by him, and a thousand thousands ministered to him, and they cried, “Holy, holy, holy Lord Sabaoth, the entire creation is filled with his glory.” ’ ” Here it is noteworthy that the phrase κύριος σαβαώθ found in LXX Isa 6:3 is used (see Comment on 4:8e), but Clement substitutes κτίσις for γῆ. Van Unnik has argued that 1 Clem 34:6 was drawn not from Jewish or Christian liturgy but from a written source, indicated by the explicit use of the quotation formula “for the Scripture says” (VC 5 [1951] 225), though the combination of Dan 7:10 with Isa 6:3 suggests dependence on a florilegium. ...”
David E. Aune, Word Biblical Commentary: Revelation 1-5 (Dallas: Word, 2008), 559.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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LXX Isaiah 6:3 and LXX Daniel 7:10 and Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 34:6

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