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1 Clement

First Epistle of Clement to the Corinthians

About this book

The Peace and Harmony of the Universe

Chapter 20

1 The heavens are moved by His direction and obey Him in peace.⁠ 2 Day and night accomplish the course assigned to them by Him, without hindering each other. 3 The sun and the moon and the dancing stars circle as He has appointed in harmony within the bounds assigned to them, without swerving at all. 4 The earth, bearing fruit in fulfillment of His will at its proper seasons, produces abundant food for people and animals and all living things on it, without dissent and without altering anything He has decreed. 5 Moreover, the inscrutable depths of the abysses and the inexpressible statutes of the lower regions are constrained by the same ordinances. 6 The basin of the boundless sea, gathered together by His workmanship into its reservoirs, does not pass the barriers that surround it, but does just as He ordered it. 7 For He said, “So far will you come, and your waves shall be broken within you.”⁠ 8 The ocean which is impassable for men, and the worlds beyond it, are directed by the same ordinances of the Master. 9 The seasons of spring and summer and autumn and winter give way to one another in turn, in peace. 10 The winds in their various quarters fulfill their service at the proper season without disturbance; and the ever-flowing springs, created for enjoyment and health, without fail offer their breasts, which sustain human life. Yes, the smallest of living things come together in harmony and peace. 11 All these things the great Creator and Master of the universe ordered to be in peace and harmony, doing good to all things, but far beyond the rest to us who have taken refuge in His compassionate mercies through our Lord Jesus Christ. 12 to whom be the glory and the majesty forever and ever. Amen.

Texts in conversation

Compare LXX Job 38:11 and Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 20:7

Septuagint · Early Christian

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Summary

In 1 Clement, the author describes the sea staying inside its barriers and quotes the order given to the waves in Job 38 from the Greek Septuagint translation, making the obedient sea a lesson for a church that would not keep its place.

Passages

LXX Job 38:11

Septuagint
6 On what are its rings fastened? and who is he that laid the corner-stone upon it? 7 When the stars were made, all my angels praised me with a loud voice. 8 And I shut up the sea with gates, when it rushed out, coming forth out of its mother's womb. 9 And I made a cloud its clothing, and swathed it in mist. 10 And I set bounds to it, surrounding it with bars and gates. 11 And I said to it, This far you will come, but you shall not go beyond, but your waves shall be broken within you.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Job

Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 20:7

Early Christian · First Epistle of Clement to the Corinthians
4 The earth, bearing fruit in fulfillment of His will at its proper seasons, produces abundant food for people and animals and all living things on it, without dissent and without altering anything He has decreed. 5 Moreover, the inscrutable depths of the abysses and the inexpressible statutes of the lower regions are constrained by the same ordinances. 6 The basin of the boundless sea, gathered together by His workmanship into its reservoirs, does not pass the barriers that surround it, but does just as He ordered it. 7 For He said, “So far will you come, and your waves shall be broken within you.” 8 The ocean which is impassable for men, and the worlds beyond it, are directed by the same ordinances of the Master.
90–100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Clement of Rome, 1 Clement

References

“... Generally speaking, creation by the establishment of boundaries is a thread that runs through many of the texts in this chapter. Of these there are two major groupings – the boundrification of watery things and of light and darkness, the latter being more directly related to Gen 1.1-5. First of all, the watery things: in Pr.Man. 3, it is God who fetters the sea and seals the abyss with the divine name. [...] In 1 Clem 20.6-7, the sea is also boundaried and at the command of the Creator, similar to LXX Job 38.11. A similar concern is expressed in 1 Clem 33.3, in which the sea and all in it is enclosed by God’s power. ...”
S. D. Giere, A New Glimpse of Day One: Intertextuality, History of Interpretation, and Genesis 1.1–5 (Berlin: de Gruyter, 2009), 273.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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LXX Job 38:11 and Clement of Rome, 1 Clement 20:7

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