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About this book

Baruch

About this book

Baruch and the Exiles in Babylon

Chapter 1

1 These are the words of the book which Baruch the son of Neriah, the son of Maaseiah, the son of Zedekiah, the son of Hasadiah, the son of Hilkiah, wrote in Babylon, 2 in the fifth year, in the seventh day of the month, at the time when the Chaldeans took Jerusalem and burned it with fire. 3 Baruch read the words of this book in the hearing of Jeconiah the son of Jehoiakim king of Judah, and in the hearing of all the people who came to hear the book, 4 and in the hearing of the mighty men, and of the kings’ sons, and in the hearing of the elders, and in the hearing of all the people, from the least to the greatest, even of all those who lived at Babylon by the river Sud. 5 Then they wept, fasted, and prayed before the Lord.⁠ 6 They also made a collection of money according to every man’s ability; 7 and they sent it to Jerusalem to Joakim the high priest, the son of Hilkiah, the son of Shallum, and to the priests and to all the people who were found with him at Jerusalem, 8 at the same time when he took the vessels of the house of the Lord, that had been carried out of the temple, to return them into the land of Judah, the tenth day of Sivan—silver vessels which Zedekiah the son of Josiah king of Judah had made, 9 after Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon had carried away Jeconiah, the princes, the captives, the mighty men, and the people of the land from Jerusalem, and brought them to Babylon. 10 And they said: Behold, we have sent you money; therefore buy with the money burnt offerings, sin offerings, and incense, and prepare an oblation, and offer upon the altar of the Lord our God; 11 and pray for the life of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, and for the life of Belshazzar his son, that their days may be as the days of heaven above the earth.⁠ 12 The Lord will give us strength and light to our eyes. We will live under the shadow of Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon and under the shadow of Belshazzar his son, and we shall serve them many days, and find favor in their sight. 13 Pray for us also to the Lord our God, for we have sinned against the Lord our God. To this day the wrath of the Lord and his indignation is not turned from us. 14 You shall read this book which we have sent to you, to make confession in the house of the Lord upon the day of the feast and on the days of the solemn assembly.

Confession of Israel’s Sins

15 You shall say: To the Lord our God belongs righteousness, but to us confusion of face, as at this day—to the men of Judah, to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, 16 to our kings, to our princes, to our priests, to our prophets, and to our fathers, 17 because we have sinned before the Lord.⁠ 18 We have disobeyed him and have not listened to the voice of the Lord our God, to walk in the commandments of the Lord that he has set before us. 19 Since the day that the Lord brought our fathers out of the land of Egypt to this present day, we have been disobedient to the Lord our God, and we have been negligent in not listening to his voice. 20 Therefore the plagues have clung to us, along with the curse which the Lord declared through Moses his servant in the day that he brought our fathers out of the land of Egypt to give us a land that flows with milk and honey, as at this day. 21 Nevertheless we didn’t listen to the voice of the Lord our God, according to all the words of the prophets whom he sent to us, 22 but we each walked in the imagination of his own wicked heart, to serve strange gods and to do what is evil in the sight of the Lord our God.

Texts in conversation

Compare Nehemiah 1:6 and Baruch 1:17

Hebrew Bible · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Nehemiah describes a prayer where the speaker confesses the sins of Israel, including his own family, using the formula “we have sinned.” Baruch uses the same confession, placing communal guilt and a plea for forgiveness at the center of its appeal.

Passages

Nehemiah 1:6

Hebrew Bible
4 When I heard these things I sat down abruptly, crying and mourning for several days. I continued fasting and praying before the God of heaven. 5 Then I said, “Please, O Lord God of heaven, great and awesome God, who keeps his loving covenant with those who love him and obey his commandments, 6 may your ear be attentive and your eyes be open to hear the prayer of your servant that I am praying to you today throughout both day and night on behalf of your servants the Israelites. I am confessing the sins of the Israelites that we have committed against you—both I myself and my family have sinned. 7 We have behaved corruptly against you, not obeying the commandments, the statutes, and the judgments that you commanded your servant Moses. 8 Please recall the word you commanded your servant Moses: ‘If you act unfaithfully, I will scatter you among the nations.
400–301 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Nehemiah

Baruch 1:17

Deuterocanon
15 You shall say: To the Lord our God belongs righteousness, but to us confusion of face, as at this day—to the men of Judah, to the inhabitants of Jerusalem, 16 to our kings, to our princes, to our priests, to our prophets, and to our fathers, 17 because we have sinned before the Lord. 18 We have disobeyed him and have not listened to the voice of the Lord our God, to walk in the commandments of the Lord that he has set before us. 19 Since the day that the Lord brought our fathers out of the land of Egypt to this present day, we have been disobedient to the Lord our God, and we have been negligent in not listening to his voice.
200–50 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Baruch

References

"... we need to recall that the prayer texts in the Dead Sea Scrolls are remarkably fragmentary: most preserve only a tiny proportion of the content of the prayer. Second, the “we have sinned” formula is not universal in penitential prayers: it does not occur in either Nehemiah 9 or Ezra 9. Instead, the formulations in these prayers are, “they acted presumptuously and stiffened their necks and did not obey your commandments; they refused to obey ... they were disobedient and rebelled ... they sinned” (Nehemiah 9:16–17, 26, 29); “we are in great guilt ... we have abandoned your commandments” (Ezra 9:7, 10). In the other penitential prayers, the formulation involving “we sinned” takes various forms, either a single verb (Nehemiah 1:6, 7; Prayer of Azaria 1:6; Baruch 1:17–18) or multiple verbs (Daniel 9:5, 15; Psalm 106:6; Baruch 2:12), reflecting such formulations as Leviticus 16; 1 Kings 8:47; 2 Chronicles 6:37 ..."
Daniel K. Falk, “Scriptural Inspiration for Penitential Prayer in the Dead Sea Scrolls,” in Seeking the Favor of God, ed. Mark J. Boda, Daniel K. Falk, and Rodney A. Werline, EJL 21 (Atlanta: SBL, 2006), 1:127–157.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Nehemiah 1:6 and Baruch 1:17

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