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On the Opinion of Dionysius

De Sententia Dionysii

About this book
Chapter 9

And Dionysius, accordingly, did as he had learned from the Apostles. For as the heresy of Sabellius was creeping in, he was forced, as I said before, to write the letter in question, and to hurl at them what is said of the Savior with reference to His humanity and His humiliation, so as to stop them, by means of His human attributes, from saying that the Father was a son, and so to make the teaching about the Godhead of the Son easier for them, when in his other letters he calls Him from the Scriptures the word, wisdom, power, breath, and brightness of the Father.⁠ For example, in the letters written in his defense, speaking as I have described, he grows bold in the faith and in devotion to Christ. So just as the Apostles are not to be accused because of their human language about the Lord — since the Lord has been made man — but are all the more worthy of admiration for their wise reserve and timely teaching, so Dionysius is no Arian because of his letter to Euphranor and Ammonius against Sabellius. For even if he did use humble phrases and examples, they too come from the Gospels, and his justification for them is the Savior's coming in the flesh, because of which not only these things but others like them are written. For just as He is the Word of God, so afterward 'the Word became flesh'; and while 'in the beginning was the Word,' the Virgin conceived at the completion of the ages, and the Lord has become man. And the one indicated by both statements is one Person, for 'the Word became flesh.' But the expressions used about His Godhead and about His becoming man are to be interpreted with discernment and in keeping with the particular context. Whoever writes of the human attributes of the Word also knows what concerns His Godhead, and whoever expounds His Godhead is not ignorant of what belongs to His coming in the flesh; distinguishing each like a skilled and 'approved money-changer,' he will walk in the straight way of piety. So when he speaks of His weeping, he knows that the Lord, having become man, shows His human character in weeping, while as God He raises Lazarus; he knows that He used to hunger and thirst in the body, while as God He fed five thousand people from five loaves; and he knows that while a human body lay in the tomb, it was raised as God's body by the Word Himself.

Texts in conversation

Compare Wisdom of Solomon 7:25 and Athanasius, On the Opinion of Dionysius 9:1

Deuterocanon · Early Christian

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Summary

The Christian theologian Athanasius uses the Wisdom of Solomon as an authoritative source for theology when he uses its description of wisdom as a companion to God to support trinitarian theology and the divinity of the Son.

Passages

Wisdom of Solomon 7:25

Deuterocanon
23 beneficent, loving toward man, steadfast, sure, free from care, all-powerful, all-surveying, and penetrating through all spirits that are quick to understand, pure, most subtle. 24 For wisdom is more mobile than any motion. Yes, she pervades and penetrates all things by reason of her purity. 25 For she is a breath of the power of God, and a pure emanation of the glory of the Almighty. Therefore nothing defiled can find entrance into her. 26 For she is a reflection of everlasting light, an unspotted mirror of the working of God, and an image of his goodness. 27 Although she is one, she has power to do all things. Remaining in herself, she renews all things. From generation to generation passing into holy souls, she makes friends of God and prophets.
50 BCE – 50 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Wisdom of Solomon

Athanasius, On the Opinion of Dionysius 9:1

Early Christian · De Sententia Dionysii
And Dionysius, accordingly, did as he had learned from the Apostles. For as the heresy of Sabellius was creeping in, he was forced, as I said before, to write the letter in question, and to hurl at them what is said of the Savior with reference to His humanity and His humiliation, so as to stop them, by means of His human attributes, from saying that the Father was a son, and so to make the teaching about the Godhead of the Son easier for them, when in his other letters he calls Him from the Scriptures the word, wisdom, power, breath, and brightness of the Father. For example, in the letters written in his defense, speaking as I have described, he grows bold in the faith and in devotion to Christ. So just as the Apostles are not to be accused because of their human language about the Lord — since the Lord has been made man — but are all the more worthy of admiration for their wise reserve and timely teaching, so Dionysius is no Arian because of his letter to Euphranor and Ammonius against Sabellius.
387–400 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Athanasius, On the Opinion of Dionysius

References

"... Origen is clear that his understanding of eternity here is of that which is beyond time, completely outside of its constraints. In consideration of a passage from Wisdom of Solomon 7:25-26, which describes wisdom as an "emanation of the clear glory of the almighty,” Origen says that God cannot be called almighty "if there are none over whom he can exercise his power. Accordingly, to prove that God is almighty [παντοκράτωρ] we must assume the existence of the universe ... With the abandonment of Origen’s doctrine of the pre-existence of souls / creation, and with the use of Methodius’s argument for the distinction between being / will and Creator / creature, the stage was now set for Athanasius (ca. 296-373) to respond to Arius and provide the first ever “explicit and systematic analysis” of the concept of God’s Fatherhood and his relation to the Son. ..."
Austin Stevenson, “The Eternal Generation of the Son: The Christological Significance for Origen and Nicaea,” Crux 51.3 (2015): 13–22.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Wisdom of Solomon 7:25 and Athanasius, On the Opinion of Dionysius 9:1

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