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Apocalypse of Abraham

About this book

The Elements and Their Creator

Chapter 7

1 "I say this: 2 The fire is more worthy of honor than everything that has been made because even what cannot otherwise be subdued is subdued by it, and its flames mock things that are easily destroyed. 3 But I do not call that fire god, because it is subject to water. 4 But water is even more worthy of honor, because it conquers the fire and waters the earth.⁠ 5 But I do not call even it God, because it is subject to the earth, beneath which the water flows. 6 But I call the earth much more worthy of honor, because it overpowers the nature (and the fullness) of the water. 7 Even so, I do not call it (viz. the earth) god, [because] it, too, is dried up by the sun, [and] is assigned to people to farm. 8 [I call the sun more worthy of honor than the earth,] because its rays light up the whole world and the different atmospheres. 9 [But] I do not call even it god, because its path is hidden at night and by clouds." 10 And I do not call the moon or the stars god, because they too sometimes hide [their] light at night.⁠ 11 [But] listen to [this], my father Terah; for I will tell you about the God who has made everything, rather than these we consider gods. 12 Who is He, then? Or what is He? Who has colored the heavens red, and made the sun golden, And the moon shine, and with it the stars; And has made the earth dry in the midst of many waters, And set you among the created things [and tested me in the confusion of my thoughts] "Yet may God reveal Himself to us by Himself!"

Texts in conversation

Compare Apocalypse of Abraham 7:4 and Genesis Rabbah 38:13

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · Rabbinic

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Summary

In the Apocalypse of Abraham, Abraham rejects fire as a god because water puts it out, then rejects water in turn. Rabbinic tradition in Genesis Rabbah describes Abraham using the same chain against Nimrod, who insists that he worship fire.

Passages

Apocalypse of Abraham 7:4

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
4 But water is even more worthy of honor, because it conquers the fire and waters the earth. 5 But I do not call even it God, because it is subject to the earth, beneath which the water flows. 6 But I call the earth much more worthy of honor, because it overpowers the nature (and the fullness) of the water. 7 Even so, I do not call it (viz. the earth) god, [because] it, too, is dried up by the sun, [and] is assigned to people to farm. 8 [I call the sun more worthy of honor than the earth,] because its rays light up the whole world and the different atmospheres. 9 [But] I do not call even it god, because its path is hidden at night and by clouds."
70–150 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Apocalypse of Abraham

Genesis Rabbah 38:13

Rabbinic · Aggadah
He [Teraḥ] took him and handed him over to Nimrod. He [Nimrod] said to him [Abraham]: ‘Let us bow down to fire.’ Abraham said to him: ‘Let us better bow down to water, that extinguishes fire.’ Nimrod said to him: ‘[All right,] let us bow down to water.’ He said to him: ‘If so, let us bow down to the clouds, that bear the water.’ He said to him: ‘[All right,] let us bow down to the clouds.’ He said to him: ‘If so, let us bow down to the wind, that scatters the clouds.’ He said to him: ‘[All right,] let us bow down to the wind.’ He said to him: ‘Better let us bow down to a person, who can withstand the wind.’
500 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis Rabbah

References

“... At the same time in chap. vii. of our Book in the speech of Abraham to Terah about the claims to divinity of fire, water, earth, sun, moon, and stars, there is a marked parallelism with the Rabbinical accounts. ...”
G. H. Box with J. I. Landsman, The Apocalypse of Abraham (London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1918), PDF 58–60.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Apocalypse of Abraham 7:4 and Genesis Rabbah 38:13

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