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Apocalypse of Abraham

About this book

Abraham’s Song of Praise

Chapter 17

1 And while he was still speaking (and) look, fire came toward us from every side, and a voice was in the fire like a voice of many waters, like the sound of the sea in its uproar.⁠ 2 And the angel knelt down with me and worshiped. 3 And I wanted to fall facedown on the earth, and the high place where we stood, [at one moment rose upright,] but at another rolled downward. 4 And he said: "Only worship, Abraham, and sing the song which I have taught you;" 5 because there was no earth to fall on. And I only worshiped, and sang the song which he had taught me. 6 And he said: "Recite without stopping." 7 And I recited, and he himself recited the song with me: 8 Eternal, Mighty, Holy El, God alone, Supreme! 9 You who are the source of Your own existence, incorruptible, spotless, Uncreated, pure, immortal, 10 Complete in Yourself, giving Yourself light; Without father, without mother, not born,⁠ 11 Exalted, fiery One! 12 Lover of humanity, kind, generous, jealous for me⁠ and very compassionate; 13 Eli, that is, My God-Eternal, mighty holy Sabaoth, full of glory. El, El, El, El, Jaoel! 14 You are He whom my soul has loved!⁠ Eternal Protector, 15 shining like fire, Whose voice is like the thunder, Whose appearance is like the lightning, all-seeing, 16 Who receives the prayers of those who honor You! [And turns away from the requests of those who hem You in with their provocations, 17 Who frees those living among the godless and those scattered throughout the world in the age subject to decay, renewing the age of the righteous!] 18 You, Light, shine before the light of the morning on Your creatures, [so that it becomes day on the earth,] 19 And in Your heavenly homes there is an inexhaustible light of indescribable splendor from the lights of Your face. 20 Accept my prayer [and be pleased with it], and also the sacrifice which You Yourself prepared through me as I searched for You! 21 Receive me kindly, and show me, and teach me, And tell Your servant as you have promised me!

Texts in conversation

Compare Ezekiel 1:24 and Apocalypse of Abraham 17:1

Hebrew Bible · Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses

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Summary

In Ezekiel, the wings of the living creatures sound like rushing water and like the voice of God. In the Apocalypse of Abraham, the same sound comes from a voice in the fire, and Abraham and his angel bow down in worship.

Passages

Ezekiel 1:24

Hebrew Bible
21 When the living beings moved, the wheels moved, and when they stopped moving, the wheels stopped. When they rose up from the ground, the wheels rose up from the ground; the wheels rose up beside them because the spirit of the living being was in the wheel. 22 Over the heads of the living beings was something like a dome41, glittering awesomely like ice, stretched out over their heads. 23 Under the platform their wings were stretched out, each toward the other. Each of the beings also had two wings covering its body. 24 When they moved, I heard the sound of their wings—it was like the sound of rushing waters, or the voice of the Sovereign One, or the tumult of an army. When they stood still, they lowered their wings.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Ezekiel

Apocalypse of Abraham 17:1

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
1 And while he was still speaking (and) look, fire came toward us from every side, and a voice was in the fire like a voice of many waters, like the sound of the sea in its uproar. 2 And the angel knelt down with me and worshiped. 3 And I wanted to fall facedown on the earth, and the high place where we stood, [at one moment rose upright,] but at another rolled downward. 4 And he said: "Only worship, Abraham, and sing the song which I have taught you;" 5 because there was no earth to fall on. And I only worshiped, and sang the song which he had taught me. 6 And he said: "Recite without stopping." 7 And I recited, and he himself recited the song with me: 8 Eternal, Mighty, Holy El, God alone, Supreme!
70–150 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Apocalypse of Abraham

References

“... 17:1. like a sound of many waters Cf. Ps. 93:4; Rev. 1:15; Ezra 1:24; 43:2. Cf. “like great winds” in Apoc. Ab. 15:4. ...”
Alexander Kulik, “Apocalypse of Abraham,” in Outside the Bible: Ancient Jewish Writings Related to Scripture, ed. James L. Kugel Louis H. Feldman and Lawrence H. Schiffman (Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 2013), 1467.
“... As noted in the comparison above, the author of the Apocalypse went beyond the angelophanic tradition of Daniel 10 for specific wording to describe Christ. In Ezekiel it is applied to the four living creatures (1:24-esp. MT) and to the glory of God (43:2), but neither association immediately apparent in either Revelation 14:2 or 19:6. The author's use of this imagery motif is more clearly illumined by a consideration of the Apocalypse of Abraham 17:1-18:14. The seer "Abraham" and Iaoel are moved to worship when approached by a voice in a fire "like a voice of many waters, like a voice of the sea in uproar." This worship takes the form of a song which Iaoel teaches the seer. In 18:2-3 this voice is apparently identified with the singing of "the four fiery living creatures." The "voice" inspires the heavenly worship in which the seer, together with the angel, participates. ...”
Loren T. Stuckenbruck, Angel Veneration and Christology: A Study in Early Judaism and in the Christology of the Apocalypse of John, Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament 2. Reihe 70 (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 1995), 225.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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