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Apocalypse of Abraham

About this book

The Ascent to Heaven

Chapter 15

1 And the sun went down, and look, there was smoke like that of a furnace. And the angels who had the portions of the sacrifice went up from the top of the smoking furnace.⁠ 2 And the Angel took me with his right hand and set me on the right wing of the pigeon, and seated himself on the left wing of the turtledove,⁠ which (birds) had neither been slaughtered nor divided. 3 And he carried me to the edge of the flaming fire 4 [and we went up as if carried by many winds to the heaven which was fixed on the surface. 5 And I saw in the air] at the height we had reached, a strong light that was impossible to describe, 6 and look, in this light there was a fiercely burning fire, and many people who looked like men, 7 all (constantly) changing in appearance and form, running and being transformed,⁠ and worshiping and crying out words whose sounds I did not recognize.⁠

Texts in conversation

Compare Apocalypse of Abraham 15:7 and Genesis Rabbah 78:1

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · Rabbinic

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Summary

In the Apocalypse of Abraham, Abraham sees heavenly beings who keep changing form as they sing praise. Rabbinic tradition in Genesis Rabbah has a similar picture of short-lived singers, new angels God creates each morning who sing one song and disappear.

Passages

Apocalypse of Abraham 15:7

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
2 And the Angel took me with his right hand and set me on the right wing of the pigeon, and seated himself on the left wing of the turtledove, which (birds) had neither been slaughtered nor divided. 3 And he carried me to the edge of the flaming fire 4 [and we went up as if carried by many winds to the heaven which was fixed on the surface. 5 And I saw in the air] at the height we had reached, a strong light that was impossible to describe, 6 and look, in this light there was a fiercely burning fire, and many people who looked like men, 7 all (constantly) changing in appearance and form, running and being transformed, and worshiping and crying out words whose sounds I did not recognize.
70–150 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Apocalypse of Abraham

Genesis Rabbah 78:1

Rabbinic · Aggadah
Rabbi Ḥelbo said in the name of Rabbi Shmuel bar Naḥman: No heavenly group lauds and repeats, but rather, each day the Holy One blessed be He creates a new group of angels, and they recite a new song before Him, and they go on their way. Rabbi Berekhya said: I responded to Rabbi Ḥelbo: ‘But is it not written: “Release me, as dawn has broken,” and the time for me to recite song has arrived?’ He said to me: ‘Strangler! Do you seek to strangle me?’ I said: ‘What is that verse that is written: “Release me, as dawn has broken”?’ He said to me: ‘These are Mikhael and Gavriel, who are heavenly princes, as all of them are replaced, but they are not replaced.’
500 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis Rabbah

References

“... The description refers to the host of angels who are born daily, sing their song of praise before God, and then disappear; cf. Genesis rabba lxxviii. 1: Rabbi Helbo in the name of R. Samuel bar Nahman said: “One angel-host never repeats the song of praise, but every morning God creates a new angel-host and these cantillate a new song before Him and then disappear.” They are created daily out of the stream of fire that proceeds from the holy hayyoth (ibid.); cf. Ps. civ. 4. Cf. also 2 Enoch xxix. 3: “And from the fire I made the ranks of the spiritual hosts, ten thousand angels, and their weapons are fiery, and their garment is a burning flame”; see further Weber, p. 166 f. ...”
G. H. Box with J. I. Landsman, The Apocalypse of Abraham (London: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, 1918), PDF 35.

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Apocalypse of Abraham 15:7 and Genesis Rabbah 78:1

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