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Apocalypse of Abraham

About this book

Abraham Tests His Father’s Idols

Chapter 1

1 On the day when I was carving the gods of my father Terah and the gods of my brother Nahor, while trying to discover who the Mighty God really is, 2 I, Abraham, had been chosen by lot and was performing the services (the sacrifices) of my father Terah to his gods of wood and stone, gold and silver, brass and iron. 3 I entered their temple to serve and found the god named Merumath (which was) carved from stone, lying facedown at the feet of the iron god Nahon. 4 And when I saw this, I was troubled, and I thought that I, Abraham, could not put him back in his place alone, because he was heavy and made from a large stone, 5 and I went out and told my father. And he came in with me, 6 and when we both moved him (the god) forward, to put him back in his place, his head fell off while I was still holding him by the head.⁠ 7 And when my father saw that Merumath's head had fallen off, he said to me: "Abraham!" 8 And I said: "Here I am." And he said to me: "Bring me an axe and a chisel from the house." 9 And I brought them to him. And he carved another Merumath from another stone, without a head, and he put the head that had fallen off Merumath on it, and he smashed the rest of Merumath.

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Samuel 5:4 and Apocalypse of Abraham 1:6

Hebrew Bible · Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses

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Summary

In 1 Samuel, the statue of Dagon falls in front of the ark and loses its head after the Philistines set it back in place. In the Apocalypse of Abraham, Abraham and Terah lift their own fallen god, and its head breaks off in the same way.

Passages

1 Samuel 5:4

Hebrew Bible
1 Now the Philistines had captured the ark of God and brought it from Ebenezer to Ashdod. 2 The Philistines took the ark of God and brought it into the temple of Dagon, where they positioned it beside Dagon. 3 When the residents of Ashdod got up early the next day, Dagon was lying on the ground before the ark of the Lord. So they took Dagon and set him back in his place. 4 But when they got up early the following day, Dagon was again lying on the ground before the ark of the Lord. The head of Dagon and his two hands were sheared off and were lying at the threshold. Only Dagon’s body was left intact.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Samuel

Apocalypse of Abraham 1:6

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
4 And when I saw this, I was troubled, and I thought that I, Abraham, could not put him back in his place alone, because he was heavy and made from a large stone, 5 and I went out and told my father. And he came in with me, 6 and when we both moved him (the god) forward, to put him back in his place, his head fell off while I was still holding him by the head. 7 And when my father saw that Merumath's head had fallen off, he said to me: "Abraham!" 8 And I said: "Here I am." And he said to me: "Bring me an axe and a chisel from the house."
70–150 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Apocalypse of Abraham

References

“... This stone idol, like Dagon in 1 Sam. 5:3–4, is found prostrate in his sanctuary, and after an attempt to put him back, his head breaks off. ...”
Alexander Kulik, “Apocalypse of Abraham,” in Outside the Bible: Ancient Jewish Writings Related to Scripture, ed. James L. Kugel Louis H. Feldman and Lawrence H. Schiffman (Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 2013), 1456–1457.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1 Samuel 5:4 and Apocalypse of Abraham 1:6

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