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Amos

About this book
Chapter 7

1 The Sovereign Lord showed me this: I saw him making locusts just as the crops planted late were beginning to sprout. (The crops planted late sprout after the royal harvest.)⁠ 2 When they had completely consumed the earth’s vegetation, I said, “Sovereign Lord, forgive Israel! How can Jacob survive? He is too weak!” 3 The Lord changed his mind about this.7 “It will not happen,” the Lord said.⁠ 4 The Sovereign Lord showed me this: I saw the Sovereign Lord summoning a shower of fire. It consumed the great deep and devoured the fields. 5 I said, “Sovereign Lord, stop!⁠ How can Jacob survive? He is too weak!” 6 The Lord decided not to do this. The Sovereign Lord said, “This will not happen either.” 7 He showed me this: I saw the Lord standing by a tin wall holding tin in his hand. 8 The Lord said to me, “What do you see, Amos?” I said, “Tin.” The Lord then said, “Look, I am about to place tin among my people Israel. I will no longer overlook their sin. 9 Isaac’s centers of worship will become desolate; Israel’s holy places will be in ruins. I will attack Jeroboam’s dynasty with the sword.” 10 Amaziah the priest of Bethel sent this message to King Jeroboam of Israel: “Amos is conspiring against you in the very heart of the kingdom of Israel! The land cannot endure all his prophecies. 11 As a matter of fact, Amos is saying this: ‘Jeroboam will die by the sword, and Israel will certainly be carried into exile away from its land.’” 12 Amaziah then said to Amos, “Leave, you visionary! Run away to the land of Judah. Earn your living and prophesy there! 13 Don’t prophesy at Bethel any longer, for a royal temple and palace are here.” 14 Amos replied to Amaziah, “I was not a prophet by profession. No, I was a herdsman who also took care of sycamore fig trees.⁠ 15 Then the Lord took me from tending flocks and gave me this commission, ‘Go! Prophesy to my people Israel.’ 16 So now listen to the Lord’s message! You say, ‘Don’t prophesy against Israel! Don’t preach against the family of Isaac!’ 17 “Therefore this is what the Lord says: ‘Your wife will become a prostitute in the streets, and your sons and daughters will die violently. Your land will be given to others, and you will die in a foreign land. Israel will certainly be carried into exile away from its land.’”

Texts in conversation

Compare Numbers 23:19 and Amos 7:3

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

Numbers 23 presents God as unchanging, with words that remain firm once spoken, while Amos 7 depicts God responding to prayer and changing his mind. Read together, they show that biblical writers held different views about how God speaks and acts.

Passages

Numbers 23:19

Hebrew Bible
17 When Balaam came to him, he was still standing by his burnt offering, along with the princes of Moab. And Balak said to him, “What has the Lord spoken?” 18 Balaam uttered his oracle, and said, “Rise up, Balak, and hear; Listen to me, son of Zippor: 19 God is not a man, that he should lie, nor a human being, that he should change his mind. Has he said, and will he not do it? Or has he spoken, and will he not make it happen? 20 Indeed, I have received a command to bless; he has blessed, and I cannot reverse it. 21 He has not looked on iniquity in Jacob, nor has he seen trouble in Israel. The Lord their God is with them; his acclamation as king is among them.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Numbers

Amos 7:3

Hebrew Bible
1 The Sovereign Lord showed me this: I saw him making locusts just as the crops planted late were beginning to sprout. (The crops planted late sprout after the royal harvest.) 2 When they had completely consumed the earth’s vegetation, I said, “Sovereign Lord, forgive Israel! How can Jacob survive? He is too weak!” 3 The Lord changed his mind about this.7 “It will not happen,” the Lord said. 4 The Sovereign Lord showed me this: I saw the Sovereign Lord summoning a shower of fire. It consumed the great deep and devoured the fields. 5 I said, “Sovereign Lord, stop! How can Jacob survive? He is too weak!”
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Amos

References

"... Exodus 32:7-14 is not the only encounter Moses had with divine relenting (Numbers 11:1-2, 14:12-20 and 16:20-35). By the end of his life, Moses’ intercessory prayers appeared to have changed God’s mind on at least four occasions ... Amos 7 consists of two accounts of נָחַם (nacham) as it relates to divine relenting ... In this passage, God threatened to destroy Israel’s crops at the hands of locusts and the great deep, and land by fire (Amos 7:1, 4) (Smith and Page, 1995:128) Amos interceded on behalf of the nation (Amos 7:2, 5). In response to Amos’ prayer, Yahweh changed his mind about the disasters he had planned on the Israelites (Amos 7:3, 6). At this point, scholars may be tempted to deny the literalness of God relenting since the genre of this passage is prophetic vision, which can take on the characteristics of symbolic and figurative language (see Duvall and Hayes, 2005:368-385). While it is true that these are prophetic visions, the genre of a passage in reality does not change the meaning of anthropomorphic statements ..."
Allen Bythel Marsh, How ובּש ׁAND םַחָנ Contribute to Understanding the Meaning of Jeremiah 4:28, 15:6-7, 18:7-10 and 26:3, 13 and 19 (South African Theological Seminary, 2018), 181–185.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Numbers 23:19 and Amos 7:3

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