Go to Related Reading
About this book

Amos

About this book
Chapter 6

1 Woe to those who live in ease in Zion, to those who feel secure on Mount Samaria. They think of themselves as the elite class of the best nation. The family of Israel looks to them for leadership.⁠ 2 They say to the people: “Journey over to Calneh and look at it; then go from there to Hamath-Rabbah; then go down to Gath of the Philistines. Are they superior to our two kingdoms? Is their territory larger than yours?” 3 You refuse to believe a day of disaster will come, but you establish a reign of violence. 4 They lie around on beds decorated with ivory and sprawl out on their couches. They eat lambs from the flock and calves from the middle of the pen. 5 They sing to the tune of stringed instruments; like David they invent musical instruments. 6 They drink wine from sacrificial bowls and pour the very best oils on themselves. Yet they are not concerned over the ruin of Joseph. 7 Therefore they will now be the first to go into exile, and the religious banquets where they sprawl on couches will end.⁠ 8 The Sovereign Lord confirms this oath by his very own life. The Lord God of Heaven’s Armies is speaking: “I despise Jacob’s arrogance; I hate their fortresses. I will hand over to their enemies the city of Samaria and everything in it.” 9 If 10 men are left in one house, they too will die.⁠ 10 When their close relatives, the ones who will burn the corpses, pick up their bodies to remove the bones from the house, they will say to anyone who is in the inner rooms of the house, “Is anyone else with you?” He will respond, “No one.” Then he will say, “Hush! Don’t invoke the Lord’s name!” 11 Indeed, look! The Lord is giving the command. He will smash the large house to bits and the small house into little pieces. 12 Can horses run on rocky cliffs? Can one plow the sea with oxen? Yet you have turned justice into a poisonous plant and the fruit of righteous actions into a bitter plant. 13 You are happy because you conquered Lo Debar. You say, “Did we not conquer Karnaim by our own power?” 14 “Look! I am about to bring a nation against you, family of Israel,” the Lord, the God who commands armies, is speaking. “They will oppress you all the way from Lebo Hamath to the stream of the rift valley.”

Texts in conversation

Compare KTU 1.114:2 and Amos 6:7

Ancient Near East, Ugaritic · Hebrew Bible

Share:

Summary

Amos condemns ceremonial banquets where revelers sprawl on couches, drinking wine. The Ugaritic text KTU 1.114 describes the same marzeah ritual where the gods drink wine to intoxication.

Passages

KTU 1.114:2

Ancient Near East, Ugaritic · Cuneiform Texts from Ugarit
In his house El gave a feast of game, the produce of the hunt in the midst of his palace. He cried: To the carving, gods! Eat, O gods, and drink! Drink wine until satiety, foaming wine until intoxication! Yarih arched his back like a dog; he gathered up crumbs beneath the tables. Any god who recognized him threw him meat from the joint.
1350–1185 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in KTU

Amos 6:7

Hebrew Bible
6 They drink wine from sacrificial bowls and pour the very best oils on themselves. Yet they are not concerned over the ruin of Joseph. 7 Therefore they will now be the first to go into exile, and the religious banquets where they sprawl on couches will end. 8 The Sovereign Lord confirms this oath by his very own life. The Lord God of Heaven’s Armies is speaking: “I despise Jacob’s arrogance; I hate their fortresses. I will hand over to their enemies the city of Samaria and everything in it.”
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Amos

References

"... Another funerary repast thought to have figured at times in the cult of deceased kings (as well as commoners) is the rite associated with the institution known from the Bible as the marze’ach (Jeremiah 16:5; Amos 6:7). It too may be attested as early as the texts from third millennium Ebla. In the second millennium it is attested at Ugarit, in the first in Israel and Judah, and in the ‘Israelian’ colony at Elephantine in Egypt. At the turn of the millennium it is known from Phoenician and Punic settlements in the Piraeus near Athens and at Marseilles, and in Nabataean settlements at Petra in Jordan and Avdat in the Negev. Thereafter, it is frequently found in Palmyrene inscriptions, on the Madeba map, and in Rabbinic literature. ..."
William W. Hallo, Origins: The Ancient Near Eastern Background of Some Modern Western Institutions (Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1996), 209.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

KTU 1.114:2 and Amos 6:7

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library