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4Q394

4QMMT/The Halakhic Letter

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Fragments 1-2 i

1 [ten] 2 [of it is a sabbath.] 3 On the twenty 4 third 5 of it is a sabbath. 6 On the thirtieth 7 [of it is a sabbath.] 8 [On the seventh] 9 [of the third month] 10 [is a sabbath.] 11 [On the fourteenth] 12 [of it is a sabbath.] 13 [On the fifteenth] 14 [of it is the Festival of] 15 [Weeks.] 16 [On the twenty]

Fragments 1-2 ii

1 first 2 of it is a sabbath. 3 On the twenty 4 eighth 5 of it is a sabbath. 6 To it, after 7 the sabbath, 8 and the second day, 9 [a day is added.] 10 [And complete is] 11 [the season:] 12 [ninety] 13 [one] 14 [days.] 15 [On the fourth] 16 [of the fourth month]

Fragments 1-2 iii

1 is a sabbath. 2 On the [eleventh] 3 of it is a sabbath. 4 On the eighteenth 5 of it is a sabbath. 6 On the twenty 7 fifth 8 of it is a sabbath. 9 On the second 10 of the fifth month 11 is a sabbath. 12 [On the third] 13 [of it is the Festival of] 14 [Wine,] 15 [after] 16 [the sabbath.]

Fragments 1-2 iv

1 [On the ninth] 2 [of it is a sabbath.] 3 On the sixteenth 4 of it is a sabbath. 5 On the twenty 6 third 7 of it is a sabbath. 8 On the thirtieth 9 [of it is a sabbath.] 10 [On the seventh] 11 [of the sixth month] 12 [is a sabbath.] 13 [On the] 14 [fourteenth] 15 [of it is a sabbath.] 16 [On the twenty]

Fragments 1-2 v

1 first 2 of it is a sabbath. 3 On the twenty 4 second 5 of it is the Festival of 6 Oil, 7 after the sabbath. 8 After it is 9 the offering of [wood.] 10 [On the twenty] 11 [eighth] 12 [of it is a sabbath.]

Fragments 3-7 i

1 [eighth of it] is a sabbath. To it, after the sabbath, [the second and the third day] 2 are added. And the year is complete: three hundred and [sixty-four] 3 days. […] 4 These are some of our words […] … which are [some of the words of] 5 the works that we [consider. And all] of them concern […] 6 and the purity of … [And concerning the offering of the] grain of the [nations, which they …] 7 and they touch it with their … and defile [it: one must not eat] 8 of the grain of the nations, [and it must not] enter the sanctuary. [And concerning the sin offering] 9 that they cook in a vessel [of bronze … in it the] 10 flesh of their sacrifices, and … in the court [… it] 11 with the broth of their sacrifice. And concerning the sacrifice of the nations, [we consider that they sacrifice] 12 to the … which is like a woman who has whored with him. [And also concerning the grain offering of the sacrifice of] 13 well-being, which they leave over from one day to the next. And also [it is written …] 14 that the grain [offering is eaten] with the fat and the flesh on the day of their [sacrifice. For the sons of] 15 the priests ought to take care in this matter, so that they do not 16 make the people bear guilt. And also concerning the purity of the heifer of the sin offering:⁠ 17 the one who slaughters it and the one who burns it and the one who gathers its ashes and the one who sprinkles the [water of] 18 purification, all these are to be pure at the setting of the sun, 19 so that the pure sprinkles upon the impure. For the sons of

Fragments 3-7 ii

1 [Aaron] ought [to be … And also] 2 [concerning the] hides of cattle [and sheep, which they … from] 3 their [hides] vessels [… one must not] 4 [bring] them to the sanctuary […] 13 the priests ought to [take care in all] these matters, [so that they do not] 14 make the people bear guilt. And concerning what is written, [“If a man slaughters in the camp or] 15 [slaughters] outside the camp an ox or a sheep or a goat”: for … [on the north of the camp.] 16 And we consider that the sanctuary [is the tabernacle of the tent of meeting, and] Jerusalem 17 is the camp, and outside the camp [is outside Jerusalem]; it is the camp of 18 their cities. Outside the camp … [… the sin offering, and] they take out the ashes of 19 the altar and burn [the sin offering there, for Jerusalem] is the place which

Fragment 8 iii

6 […] on the [day] 7 [… And concerning eating, we consider that one may eat the] fetus 8 [that is in the womb of its mother after it is slaughtered. And you know that it is so, and] the matter is written 9 [of a pregnant animal. And concerning the] Ammonite and the Moabite 10 [and the bastard and the one with crushed testicles and the one whose penis is cut off, who enter] the assembly 11 [… and] take [wives] 12 [to become one bone … impurities. And] we also consider 13 [that one must not … and one must not] have intercourse with them 14 [… and one must not] unite them and make them 15 [one bone … and one must not] bring them 16 [to the sanctuary … And you know that some of] the people 17 [… are] uniting. 18 [For all the sons of Israel ought to beware of every] mixing of a man 19 [and to be in awe of the sanctuary … And also] concerning the blind, 20 [who do not see so as to beware of every mixing,] and the mixing of

Fragment 8 iv

1 guilt they do not see. 2 And also concerning the deaf, who have not heard statute and judgment and purity, and have not 3 heard the judgments of Israel: for whoever has not seen and has not heard does not 4 know how to act. Yet they come to the purity of the sanctuary. 5 And also concerning streams of liquid: we say that there is no⁠ 6 purity in them. And also streams of liquid do not separate the impure 7 from the pure, for the moisture of the streams and of what receives them is like them, 8 one moisture. And one must not bring dogs into the holy camp, for they 9 eat some of the bones of the sanctuary with the flesh on them. For 10 Jerusalem is the holy camp, and it is the place 11 that he chose from all the tribes of [Israel, for] Jerusalem is the head of 12 the [camps of Israel. And also concerning the planting of] fruit trees planted 13 [in the land of Israel: it is like first fruits, for the] priests. And the tithe of [cattle] 14 [and sheep is for the priests. And also concerning those with skin] disease, we 15 [say that they shall not come near the holy purity,] for [alone] 16 [they shall be, outside the house. And also it is written that from the time he] shaves [and washes]

Fragment 8 v

10 … […] 11 … […] 12 … […] 13 … […]

Fragment 9

1 […] concerning […] … […] 2 […] was … the people […] 3 […] … atone for them, for concerning […] 4 […] … […]

Fragment 10

1 […] and concerning … […]

About this book

4Q394

Written
160–60 BCE
Text
Based on the text provided by Martin G. Abegg Jr., James E. Bowley, and Edward M. Cook · CC BY-NC 4.0

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