Fragments 1-2
1 [… His way is in the whirlwind and in the storm, and the] cloud [is the dust of his feet. Its interpretation] 2 [The whirlwinds and the storms] are the firmaments of his heavens and of his earth, which [he created …] 3 He rebukes the sea and dries [it up]. Its interpretation: the sea is all the [Kittim …] 4 to execute judgment on them and to wipe them out from upon the face of [the earth …] 5 with […] their rulers, whose dominion will come to an end. [… Bashan withers, and] Carmel, and the bloom of Lebanon withers. [Its interpretation …] 6 many [will perish] by it, the height of wickedness, for … […] 7 [Carmel], and for its rulers, Lebanon. And the bloom of Lebanon is […] 8 [the men of their council], and they will perish from before […] the chosen [of …] 9 … all who dwell in the world. The [mountains quake before him. Its interpretation …] 10 […] the earth before him, and from before [… before his indignation, who can stand, and who] 11 [can endure] the burning of his anger? [Its interpretation …]
Fragments 3-4 i
1 […] a dwelling place for the wicked of the nations. Where the lion went to enter, there the lion’s cub, 2 [with none to make them afraid. Its interpretation concerns] Demetrius, king of Greece, who sought to enter Jerusalem through the counsel of the seekers of smooth things 3 […] … the hand of the kings of Greece, from Antiochus until the rise of the rulers of the Kittim. And afterward it will be trampled 4 […] The lion tears enough for his cubs and strangles prey for his lionesses. 5 [… Its interpretation] concerns the Lion of Wrath, who strikes by means of his great ones and the men of his council 6 [… and he fills with prey] his cave, and his den with torn flesh. Its interpretation concerns the Lion of Wrath 7 […] vengeance on the seekers of smooth things, in that he hangs men alive 8 […] in Israel before, for of one hanged alive on the tree [it is said], Behold, I am against [you], 9 declares [the LORD of hosts. And I will burn up your multitude in smoke], and the sword will devour your young lions, and I will cut off [from the earth] its prey, 10 and [the voice of your messengers will] no [longer be heard. Its interpretation]: your multitude is the bands of his army [which are in Jerusalem], and his young lions are 11 his great ones […] and his prey is the wealth which [the priests] of Jerusalem [amassed], which 12 they will hand over … […] Ephraim, Israel will be given to […]
Fragments 3-4 ii
1 And his messengers are his envoys, whose voice will be heard no more among the nations. Woe, city of bloodshed, wholly full of [deceit and plunder]. 2 Its interpretation: it is the city of Ephraim, the seekers of smooth things in the last days, who walk in deceit and falsehoods. 3 Prey does not cease, and the sound of the whip and the sound of the rattling wheel, and the galloping horse and the jolting chariot, the horseman charging, the flame 4 and the flash of the spear, and a multitude of slain and a mass of corpses, and there is no end to the bodies, and they stumble over their bodies. Its interpretation concerns the dominion of the seekers of smooth things, 5 from the midst of whose congregation the sword of the nations will not depart, captivity and plunder and burning heat among them, and exile for fear of the enemy. And a multitude of 6 guilty corpses will fall in their days, and there will be no end to the sum of their slain, and they will stumble even over the bodies of their flesh because of their guilty counsel. 7 Because of the many harlotries of the harlot, graceful and charming, a mistress of sorceries, who sells nations by her harlotry and clans by her sorceries. 8 Its interpretation [concerns] those who lead Ephraim astray, who by their false teaching and their lying tongue and deceitful lip lead many astray, 9 kings, princes, priests and people, together with the sojourner who has joined them. Cities and clans will perish through their counsel; nobles and [rulers] 10 will fall [because of] their tongue. Behold, I am against you, declares the LORD of [hosts], and you will lift 11 [your] skirts over your face, and you will show the nations [your] nakedness and kingdoms … your disgrace. Its interpretation … […] … […] 12 […] the cities of the east, for the skirts […]
Fragments 3-4 iii
1 the nations among them […] the filth of their abominations. And I will throw filth upon you, and treat you with contempt, and make you 2 loathsome. And all who see you will flee from you. 3 Its interpretation concerns the seekers of smooth things, whose evil deeds will be exposed to all Israel at the end of the age, 4 and many will perceive their iniquity, and they will hate them and find them loathsome because of their guilty arrogance. And when the glory of Judah is revealed, 5 the simple of Ephraim will flee from the midst of their assembly, and they will forsake those who lead them astray and join themselves to Israel. And they will say, 6 Nineveh is laid waste; who will grieve for her? Where shall I seek comforters for you? Its interpretation [concerns] the seekers of 7 smooth things, whose counsel will perish and whose gathering will be scattered, and they will no longer lead the assembly astray, and the [simple] 8 will no longer uphold their counsel. Are you better than [Amon, who sits by the] rivers? 9 Its interpretation: Amon is Manasseh, and the rivers are the great ones of Manasseh, the nobles of […] … 10 with water around her, whose rampart is the sea and whose walls are water. 11 Its interpretation: they are the men of her army, the warriors of her battle. … Cush is her strength [and Egypt, and there is no end]. 12 … … […] … […] … [… Put and the Libyans were your help].
Fragments 3-4 iv
1 Its interpretation: they are the wicked [of Judah], the house of Peleg, who have joined themselves to Manasseh. She too [went] into exile, [into captivity. Also] 2 her infants were dashed to pieces at the head of every street, and for her nobles they cast lots, and all [her great ones were bound] 3 in fetters. Its interpretation concerns Manasseh at the final time, whose kingdom will be brought low in [Israel …] 4 his wives, his infants and his little ones will go into captivity, his warriors and his nobles by the sword. [… You too will become drunk] 5 and you will be hidden. Its interpretation concerns the wicked of [Ephraim …] 6 whose cup will come after Manasseh […] … [… You too will seek] 7 a refuge in the city from the enemy. [Its interpretation concerns …] 8 their enemies in the city [… All your fortresses] 9 are fig trees with [first-ripe figs …] 10 … […]
Fragment 5
1 […] … […] 2 […] all the territory of Israel to the sea […] 3 [… Strengthen your fortresses], go into the clay […]
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4Q169
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