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1 From the elder, to Gaius my dear brother, whom I love in truth. 2 Dear friend, I pray that all may go well with you and that you may be in good health, just as it is well with your soul. 3 For I rejoiced greatly when the brothers came and testified to your truth, just as you are living according to the truth. 4 I have no greater joy than this: to hear that my children are living according to the truth. 5 Dear friend, you demonstrate faithfulness by whatever you do for the brothers (even though they are strangers).⁠ 6 They have testified to your love before the church. You will do well to send them on their way in a manner worthy of God.⁠ 7 For they have gone forth on behalf of “The Name,”⁠ accepting nothing from the pagans.⁠ 8 Therefore we ought to support such people so that we become coworkers in cooperation with the truth. 9 I wrote something to the church, but Diotrephes, who loves to be first among them, does not acknowledge us. 10 Therefore, if I come, I will call attention to the deeds he is doing—the bringing of unjustified charges against us with evil words! And not being content with that, he not only refuses to welcome the brothers himself, but hinders the people who want to do so and throws them out of the church! 11 Dear friend, do not imitate what is bad, but what is good. The one who does good is of God; the one who does what is bad has not seen God. 12 Demetrius has been testified to by all,⁠ even by the truth itself. We also testify to him, and you know that our testimony is true. 13 I have many things to write to you, but I do not wish to write to you with pen and ink. 14 But I hope to see you right away, and we will speak face to face. (1:15) Peace be with you. The friends here greet you. Greet the friends there by name.

Texts in conversation

Compare Romans 16:1 and 3 John 1:12

New Testament

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Summary

In Romans, Paul sends Phoebe to the Roman church and asks them to welcome her with whatever help she needs. 3 John uses the same form of commendation when it recommends Demetrius to Gaius with a threefold testimonial.

Passages

Romans 16:1

New Testament
1 Now I commend to you our sister Phoebe, who is a servant of the church in Cenchrea, 2 so that you may welcome her in the Lord in a way worthy of the saints and provide her with whatever help she may need from you, for she has been a great help to many, including me. 3 Greet Prisca and Aquila, my fellow workers in Christ Jesus,
55–58 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Romans

3 John 1:12

New Testament
11 Dear friend, do not imitate what is bad, but what is good. The one who does good is of God; the one who does what is bad has not seen God. 12 Demetrius has been testified to by all, even by the truth itself. We also testify to him, and you know that our testimony is true. 13 I have many things to write to you, but I do not wish to write to you with pen and ink.
100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 3 John

References

... In the New Testament, especially in the Pauline churches, we find a practice of letters to and fro recommending Christians to be received, supported, and listened to (Acts 18:27; Romans 16:1-2; 1 Corinthians 16:3; 2 Corinthians 3:1; Philippians 2:25-30; Colossians 4:7-9). The struggles of Paul with the Judaizers and other opponents made it necessary for his churches to have a way of knowing whether strangers who came preaching Christ were on Paul’s side or not. But we have no way of ascertaining whether the practice of letters of commendation was in vogue early in all Christian communities. Would the Johannine Community with its distinctiveness and its stress on love within the brotherhood have required a letter commending Johannine Christians as they moved from one Johannine church to another? Indeed this problem may have led Diotrephes to close his church to all visiting missionaries. For his part the Presbyter may have been meeting the problem by sending just such a recommendation as we find in 3 John 12. ...
Raymond E. Brown, The Epistles of John (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1982), 723.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Romans 16:1 and 3 John 1:12

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