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3 Enoch

Hebrew Book of Enoch

About this book
Chapter 5

1 R. Ishmael said: Metatron, the Prince of the Presence, said to me: From the day when the Holy One, blessed be He, expelled the first Adam from the Garden of Eden (and onwards), Shekina was dwelling upon a Kerub under the Tree of Life. 2 And the ministering angels were gathering together and going down from heaven in parties, from the Raqia in companies and from the heavens in camps to do His will in the whole world. 3 And the first man and his generation were sitting outside the gate of the Garden to behold the radiant appearance of the Shekina. 4 For the splendour of the Shekina traversed the world from one end to the other (with a splendour) 365,000 times (that) of the globe of the sun. And everyone who made use of the splendour of the Shekina, on him no flies and no gnats did rest, neither was he ill nor suffered he any pain. No demons got power over him, neither were they able to injure him. 5 When the Holy One, blessed be He, went out and went in: from the Garden to Eden, from Eden to the Garden,⁠ from the Garden to Raqia and from Raqia to the Garden of Eden, then all and everyone saw the splendour of His Shekina and they were not injured, 6 until the time of the generation of Enosh who was the head of all idol worshippers of the world.⁠ 7 And what did the generation of Enosh do? They went from one end of the world to the other, and each one brought silver, gold, precious stones and pearls in heaps like mountains and hills making idols out of them throughout all the world.⁠ And they erected the idols in every quarter of the world: the size of each idol was 1000 parasangs. 8 And they brought down the sun, the moon, planets and constellations,⁠ and placed them before the idols on their right hand and on their left,⁠ to attend them even as they attend the Holy One, blessed be He, as it is written (1 Kings xxii. 19): "And all the host of heaven was standing by him on his right hand and on his left". 9 What power was in them that they were able to bring them down? They would not have been able to bring them down but for 'Uzza, 'Azza and 'Azziel who taught them sorceries by which they brought them down and made use of them. 10 In that time the ministering angels brought charges (against them) before the Holy One, blessed be He, saying before him: "Master of the World! What have you to do with the children of men?⁠ As it is written (Ps. viii. 4) 'What is man (Enosh) that you are mindful of him?' 'Mah Adam' is not written here, but 'Mah Enosh', for he (Enosh) is the head of the idol worshippers. 11 Why have you left the highest of the high heavens, the abode of your glorious Name, and the high and exalted Throne in 'Araboth Raqia' in the highest and have gone and dwell with the children of men who worship idols and equal you to the idols? 12 Now you are on earth and the idols likewise. What have you to do with the inhabitants of the earth who worship idols?"⁠ 13 At once the Holy One, blessed be He, lifted up His Shekina from the earth, from their midst.⁠ 14 In that moment came the ministering angels, the troops of hosts and the armies of 'Araboth in thousand camps and ten thousand hosts: they fetched trumpets and took the horns in their hands and surrounded the Shekina with all kinds of songs. And He ascended to the high heavens, as it is written (Ps. xlvii. 5): "God is gone up with a shout, the Lord with the sound of a trumpet".

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Enoch 65:6 and 3 Enoch 5:8

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses

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Summary

In 1 Enoch, forbidden knowledge of magic and metalwork leads to divine punishment. In 3 Enoch, angels teach magic that brings the stars down to serve idols, expanding this tradition of forbidden knowledge leading to idolatry.

Passages

1 Enoch 65:6

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
6 A decree has been issued from the Lord concerning those who dwell on the earth: their destruction is certain because they have learned all the secrets of the angels, the violence of the Satans, their most hidden powers, and all the power of those who practice sorcery and witchcraft, and those who make molten images across the earth. 7 He explained how silver is extracted from the dust of the earth, and how soft metal originates from within the earth. 8 'For lead and tin are not produced from the earth like silver: they come from a source that produces them, and an angel presides over it, and that angel is pre-eminent.'
300 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Enoch

3 Enoch 5:8

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · Hebrew Book of Enoch
8 And they brought down the sun, the moon, planets and constellations, and placed them before the idols on their right hand and on their left, to attend them even as they attend the Holy One, blessed be He, as it is written (1 Kings xxii. 19): "And all the host of heaven was standing by him on his right hand and on his left". 9 What power was in them that they were able to bring them down? They would not have been able to bring them down but for 'Uzza, 'Azza and 'Azziel who taught them sorceries by which they brought them down and made use of them.
400–600 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 3 Enoch

References

“... 8:4; Wisd 13: 10).58 Moreover, the later Enochic Similitudes clearly in- terprets AsaePs metallurgical teaching in BW&s occasioning the practice of idolatry. Here, Enoch tells Noah: A command has gone forth from the presence of the Lord of spirits concerning those who dwell on earth, because they have learned all the secrets of the angels, and all the wrong-doings of the satans, and all their secret powers, and all the powers of those who practice sorcery, and the power of spells, and the power of those who make molten images of every created thing, and further how silver comes forth out of the dust of the earth and how soft metal originates in the earth (1 Enoch 65:6- 7).59 The assertion that Uzzah, Azzah, and Azael taught cosmologically-or- iented sorceries to humanity also evokes the other topics of illicit teach- ing attributed to the fallen angels in B W. In 1 Enoch 7: 1, the Watchers are said to teach their wives "sorcery and spells and ... the cutting of roots and herbs." Similarly, 1 Enoch 8:3 depicts Semihazah and Her- moni teaching "spell-binding, the cutting of roots ... the loosing of spells, magic, sorcery, and sophistry" (also 9 : 7), while angels with celes- tial and meteorological names teach auguries of lightening, stars, fire- balls, earth, sun, and moon (8 : 3).60 ...”
Annette Yoshiko Reed, “From Asael and Semihazah to Uzzah, Azzah, and Azael: 3 Enoch 5 (§§7–8) and Jewish Reception-History of 1 Enoch,” (2001): 121.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1 Enoch 65:6 and 3 Enoch 5:8

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