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3 Enoch

Hebrew Book of Enoch

About this book
Chapter 48A

1 R. Ishmael said: Metatron said to me: Come, and I will show you the Right Hand of MAQOM, laid behind (Him) because of the destruction of the Holy Temple;⁠ from which all kinds of splendour and light shine forth and by which the 955 heavens were created; and whom not even the Seraphim and the 'Ophannim are permitted (to behold), until the day of salvation shall arrive. 2 And I went by his side and he took me by his hand and showed me (the Right Hand of MAQOM), with all manner of praise, rejoicing and song: and no mouth can tell its praise, and no eye can behold it, because of its greatness, dignity, majesty, glory and beauty. 3 And not only that, but all the souls of the righteous who are counted worthy to behold the joy of Jerusalem, they are standing by it, praising and praying before it three times every day, saying (Is. li. 9): "Awake, awake, put on strength, arm of the Lord"⁠ according as it is written (Is. lxiii. 12): "He caused his glorious arm to go at the right hand of Moses". 4 In that moment the Right Hand of MAQOM was weeping. And there went forth from its five fingers five rivers of tears and fell down into the great sea and shook the whole world, according as it is written (Is. xxiv. 19, 20): "The earth is utterly broken (1), the earth is clean dissolved (2), the earth is moved exceedingly (3), the earth shall stagger like a drunken man (4) and shall be moved to and fro like a hut (5)", five times corresponding to the fingers of his Great Right Hand. 5 But when the Holy One, blessed be He, sees, that there is no righteous man in the generation, and no pious man (Chasid) on earth, and no justice in the hands of men; and (that there is) no man like Moses, and no intercessor as Samuel who could pray before MAQOM for the salvation and for the deliverance, and for His Kingdom, that it be revealed in the whole world; and for His great Right Hand that He put it before Himself again to work great salvation by it for Israel, 6 then at once will the Holy One, blessed be He, remember His own justice, favour, mercy and grace: and He will deliver His great Arm by himself, and His righteousness will support Him. According as it is written (Is. lix. 16): "And he saw, that there was no man" (that is:) like Moses who prayed countless times for Israel in the desert and averted the (Divine) decrees from them; "and he wondered, that there was no intercessor" like Samuel who entreated the Holy One, blessed be He, and called to Him and he answered him and fulfilled his desire, even if it was not fit (in accordance with the Divine plan), according as it is written (1 Sam. xii. 17): "Is it not wheat-harvest to-day? I will call to the Lord". 7 And not only that, but He joined fellowship with Moses in every place, as it is written (Ps. xcix. 6): "Moses and Aaron among His priests."⁠ And again it is written (Jer. xv. 1): "Though Moses and Samuel stood before me"⁠ (Is. lxiii. 5): "My own arm brought salvation to me". 8 Said the Holy One, blessed be He, in that hour: "How long shall I wait for the children of men to work salvation according to their righteousness for my arm? For my own sake and for the sake of my merit and righteousness will I deliver my arm and by it redeem my children from among the nations of the world.⁠ As it is written (Is. xlviii. 11): "For my own sake will I do it. For how should my name be profaned". 9 In that moment will the Holy One, blessed be He, reveal His Great Arm and show it to the nations of the world: for its length is as the length of the world and its breadth is as the width of the world. And the appearance of its splendour is like the splendour of the sunshine in its might, in the summer solstice. 10 At once Israel will be saved from among the nations of the world. And Messiah will appear to them and He will bring them up to Jerusalem with great joy. And not only that but Israel will come from the four quarters of the World and eat with Messiah. But the nations of the world shall not eat with them, as it is written (Is. lii. 10): "The Lord has made bare his holy arm in the eyes of all the nations; and all the ends of the earth shall see the salvation of our God". And again (Deut. xxxii. 12): "The Lord alone did lead him, and there was no strange god with him". (Zech. xiv. 9): "And the Lord shall be king over all the earth".

Texts in conversation

Compare Psalms 99:6 and 3 Enoch 48A:7

Hebrew Bible · Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses

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Summary

In Psalm 99, Moses and Samuel call on God and receive an answer. In 3 Enoch, Ishmael hears of their prayers, but God promises deliverance through his own merit rather than human effort.

Passages

Psalms 99:6

Hebrew Bible
4 The king is strong; he loves justice. You ensure that legal decisions will be made fairly; you promote justice and equity in Jacob. 5 Praise the Lord our God. Worship before his footstool. He is holy! 6 Moses and Aaron were among his priests; Samuel was one of those who prayed to him. They prayed to the Lord and he answered them. 7 He spoke to them from a pillar of cloud; they obeyed his regulations and the ordinance he gave them. 8 O Lord our God, you answered them. They found you to be a forgiving God, but also one who punished their sinful deeds.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

3 Enoch 48A:7

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · Hebrew Book of Enoch
7 And not only that, but He joined fellowship with Moses in every place, as it is written (Ps. xcix. 6): "Moses and Aaron among His priests." And again it is written (Jer. xv. 1): "Though Moses and Samuel stood before me" (Is. lxiii. 5): "My own arm brought salvation to me". 8 Said the Holy One, blessed be He, in that hour: "How long shall I wait for the children of men to work salvation according to their righteousness for my arm? For my own sake and for the sake of my merit and righteousness will I deliver my arm and by it redeem my children from among the nations of the world. As it is written (Is. xlviii. 11): "For my own sake will I do it. For how should my name be profaned".
400–600 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 3 Enoch

References

“... While the paralleling of Moses and Samuel as intercessors already appears in the biblical tradition (Ps 99:6; Jer 15:1; cf. 3 Enoch 48A:5-7), several further resemblances exist between Samuel and Moses as prophetic and priestly figures who also fulfilled a role of civic leadership. Both figures had the titles of “prophet” (Deut 34:10; 1 Sam 3:20) and “man of God” (Deut 33:1; 1 Sam 9:6). Dale Allison observes further similarities in the biblical narratives. ...”
Jeremy Corley, No Small Difference When Introducing Samuel in Sirach 46:13, in Figures who Shape Scriptures, Scriptures that Shape Figures: Essays in Honour of Benjamin G. Wright III, ed. Géza G. Xeravits and Greg Schmidt Goering (Berlin: De Gruyter, 2018), 46.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Psalms 99:6 and 3 Enoch 48A:7

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