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3 Enoch

Hebrew Book of Enoch

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Chapter 15B

1 R. Ishmael said: Said to me Metatron, the Prince of the Presence and the prince over all the princes and he stands before Him who is greater than all the Elohim. And he goes in under the Throne of Glory. And he has a great tabernacle of light on high. And he brings forth the fire of deafness and puts (it) into the ears of the Holy Chayyoth, that they may not hear the voice of the Word (Dibbur) that goes forth from the mouth of the Divine Majesty. 2 And when Moses ascended on high, he fasted 121 fasts, till the habitations of the chashmal were opened to him; and he saw the heart within the heart of the Lion and he saw the innumerable companies of the hosts round about him. And they desired to burn him.⁠ But Moses prayed for mercy, first for Israel and after that for himself: and He who sits on the Merkaba opened the windows that are above the heads of the Kerubim. And a host of 1800 advocates and the Prince of the Presence, Metatron, with them went forth to meet Moses. And they took the prayers of Israel and put them as a crown on the head of the Holy One, blessed be He.⁠ 3 And they said (Deut. vi. 4): "Hear, O Israel; the Lord our God is one Lord" and their face shone and rejoiced over Shekina and they said to Metatron: "What are these? And to whom do they give all this honour and glory?" And they answered: "To the Glorious Lord of Israel". And they spoke: "Hear, O Israel: the Lord, our God, is one Lord. To whom shall be given abundance of honour and majesty but to You YHWH, the Divine Majesty, the King, living and eternal". 4 In that moment spoke Akatriel Yah Yehod Sebaoth and said to Metatron, the Prince of the Presence: "Let no prayer that he prays before me return (to him) void. Hear his prayer and fulfil his desire whether (it be) great or small". 5 At once Metatron, the Prince of the Presence, said to Moses: "Son of Amram! Fear not, for now God delights in you. And ask your desire of the Glory and Majesty. For your face shines from one end of the world to the other". But Moses answered him: "(I fear) lest I bring guiltiness upon myself". Metatron said to him: "Receive the letters of the oath, in (by) which there is no breaking the covenant" (which precludes any breach of the covenant).

Texts in conversation

Compare 3 Enoch 15B:2 and Chagigah 13b:4

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · Rabbinic

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Summary

In 3 Enoch, angels take Israel's prayers and make them into God's crown. Rabbinic tradition in tractate Chagigah describes the angel Sandalfon making a crown for God, using these prayers to explain how God can be given one.

Passages

3 Enoch 15B:2

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · Hebrew Book of Enoch
2 And when Moses ascended on high, he fasted 121 fasts, till the habitations of the chashmal were opened to him; and he saw the heart within the heart of the Lion and he saw the innumerable companies of the hosts round about him. And they desired to burn him. But Moses prayed for mercy, first for Israel and after that for himself: and He who sits on the Merkaba opened the windows that are above the heads of the Kerubim. And a host of 1800 advocates and the Prince of the Presence, Metatron, with them went forth to meet Moses. And they took the prayers of Israel and put them as a crown on the head of the Holy One, blessed be He.
400–600 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 3 Enoch

Chagigah 13b:4

Rabbinic · Babylonian Talmud
Rabbi Elazar said: This wheel is a certain angel who stands on the earth and its head reaches the divine creatures. It was taught in a baraita: This angel is named Sandalfon, who is taller than his colleague by a distance of five hundred years, and he stands behind the Divine Chariot and weaves crowns for his Maker. The Gemara asks: Is that so? Can crowns be woven for God? But isn’t it written: “Blessed be the Lord’s glory from His place” (Ezekiel 3:12), which proves by inference that no one knows His place? Therefore, how can crowns be woven for Him? Rather, it can be done by saying a name for the crown, and then the crown goes and sits on God’s head of its own accord.
450–550 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Chagigah

References

“... m. "They received the prayers of Israel and placed them as a crown," C: "they received his (Moses') prayer and placed it as a crown." Eleazar. According to one tradition it is the angel Sandalpon who places the prayers of Israel as a crown on God's head; see b.Hag 13b; PR 20:4 (ed. Friedmann. 97a); MidraS Tehillim 19:7 (to Ps 19:3) (ed. Buber, 84a); Ma'yan Hokmah, BHM. vol. 1, p. 59: MidraS Konen. BHM. vol. 2, p. 26, I. 24; Yalqut HadaS. Mal'akim no. 9 (Warsaw, 1879) p. 122. ...”
Philip S. Alexander, “3 (Hebrew Apocalypse of) Enoch,” in The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, ed. James H. Charlesworth (Garden City, NY: Doubleday & Company, 1983), 1:304.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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3 Enoch 15B:2 and Chagigah 13b:4

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