Go to Related Reading
About this book

2 Peter

About this book
Chapter 2

1 But false prophets arose among the people, just as there will be false teachers among you. These false teachers will infiltrate your midst with destructive heresies, even to the point of denying the Master who bought them. As a result, they will bring swift destruction on themselves. 2 And many will follow their debauched lifestyles. Because of these false teachers, the way of truth will be slandered. 3 And in their greed they will exploit you with deceptive words. Their condemnation pronounced long ago is not sitting idly by; their destruction is not asleep. 4 For if God did not spare the angels who sinned, but threw them into Tartarus16⁠ and locked them up in chains in utter darkness,⁠ to be kept until the judgment,⁠ 5 and if he did not spare the ancient world, but did protect Noah, a herald of righteousness,⁠ along with seven others, when God brought a flood on an ungodly world,⁠ 6 and if he turned to ashes the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah when he condemned them to destruction, having appointed them to serve as an example to future generations of the ungodly, 7 and if he rescued Lot, a righteous man in anguish over the debauched lifestyle of lawless men,⁠ 8 (for while he lived among them day after day, that righteous man was tormented in his righteous soul by the lawless deeds he saw and heard) 9 —if so, then the Lord knows how to rescue the godly from their trials, and to reserve the unrighteous for punishment at the day of judgment, 10 especially those who indulge their fleshly desires and who despise authority. Brazen and insolent, they are not afraid to insult the glorious ones, 11 yet even angels, who are much more powerful, do not bring a slanderous judgment against them in the presence of the Lord. 12 But these men, like irrational animals—creatures of instinct, born to be caught and destroyed—do not understand whom they are insulting, and consequently in their destruction they will be destroyed, 13 suffering harm as the wages for their harmful ways. By considering it a pleasure to carouse in broad daylight, they are stains and blemishes, indulging in their deceitful pleasures when they feast together with you.⁠ 14 Their eyes, full of adultery, never stop sinning; they entice unstable people. They have trained their hearts for greed, these cursed children! 15 By forsaking the right path they have gone astray, because they followed the way of Balaam son of Bosor, who loved the wages of unrighteousness,⁠ 16 yet was rebuked for his own transgression (a dumb donkey, speaking with a human voice, restrained the prophet’s madness). 17 These men are waterless springs and mists driven by a storm, for whom the utter depths of darkness have been reserved. 18 For by speaking high-sounding but empty words they are able to entice, with fleshly desires and with debauchery, people who have just escaped from those who reside in error. 19 Although these false teachers promise such people freedom, they themselves are enslaved to immorality. For whatever a person succumbs to, to that he is enslaved. 20 For if after they have escaped the filthy things of the world through the rich knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, they again get entangled in them and succumb to them, their last state has become worse for them than their first.⁠ 21 For it would have been better for them never to have known the way of righteousness than, having known it, to turn back from the holy commandment that had been delivered to them. 22 They are illustrations of this true proverb: “A dog returns to its own vomit,”⁠ and “A sow, after washing herself, wallows in the mire.”

Texts in conversation

Compare 2 Peter 2:5 and Genesis Rabbah 30:7

New Testament · Rabbinic

Share:

Summary

2 Peter refers to Noah as a preacher of righteousness, following a Jewish tradition not found in the Hebrew Bible, but found in other Jewish texts and traditions such as the Rabbinic midrash in Genesis Rabbah.

Passages

2 Peter 2:5

New Testament
4 For if God did not spare the angels who sinned, but threw them into Tartarus16 and locked them up in chains in utter darkness, to be kept until the judgment, 5 and if he did not spare the ancient world, but did protect Noah, a herald of righteousness, along with seven others, when God brought a flood on an ungodly world, 6 and if he turned to ashes the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah when he condemned them to destruction, having appointed them to serve as an example to future generations of the ungodly, 7 and if he rescued Lot, a righteous man in anguish over the debauched lifestyle of lawless men, 8 (for while he lived among them day after day, that righteous man was tormented in his righteous soul by the lawless deeds he saw and heard) 9 —if so, then the Lord knows how to rescue the godly from their trials, and to reserve the unrighteous for punishment at the day of judgment, 10 especially those who indulge their fleshly desires and who despise authority. Brazen and insolent, they are not afraid to insult the glorious ones,
120–130 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Peter

Genesis Rabbah 30:7

Rabbinic · Aggadah
“[Noah was a righteous] man [ish]” – everywhere that ish is stated, it is a righteous man who rebukes. As all one hundred and twenty years, Noah would plant cedars and chop them down [for timber]. They said to him: ‘Why are you doing this?’ He said to them: ‘So said the Master of the world, that He is bringing a flood upon the world.’ They said to him: ‘If He brings a flood, it will come only upon the house of that man!’ When Methuselah died they said to him: ‘Indeed, it [tragedy] came only upon the house of that man.’ That is what is written: “A flame [lapid] of contempt for those of complacent thoughts [ashtut], destined to cause slippings of the foot” (Job 12:5). Rabbi Abba bar Kahana said: [God declared:] I had a single herald who arose for me in the generation of the Flood – this is Noah; there, when they [mean to] say: ‘He has an announcement,’ [they say] he has a lapid. Of contempt – as they would disparage him, calling him ‘contemptible old man.’ “For those of complacent thoughts [ashtut]” – as they were as hard as blocks of metal [ashatot]. “Destined to cause slippings of the foot” – as they were destined for two disasters – a disaster from above and a disaster from below.
500 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Genesis Rabbah

References

"... Finally, in Genesis Rabbah 30:7, God says, “‘One herald arose for me in the generation of the Flood, Noah,’” while those around him, “despised him and called him, ‘Contemptible old man!’” The portion of Sibylline Oracles that narrates the tradition of Noah preaching repentance at God’s command was written and available before 2 Peter was composed. Sources such as Antiquities, b. Sanhedrin, and Genesis Rabbah were either composed after 2 Peter or were unavailable to the author; however, the fact that this tradition was so pervasive and appears in various literary works from c. 300 BCE through Talmudic works dating to c. 500 CE, attests to its popularity ..."
Jenny Devivo, “2 Peter 2:4–16: The Redaction of the Biblical and Intertestamental References Dependent on Jude 5–11 and Their Overall Significance for the Document” (diss., Loyola University Chicago, 2014), 70.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

2 Peter 2:5 and Genesis Rabbah 30:7

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library