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2 Kings

About this book
Chapter 2

1 Just before the Lord took Elijah up to heaven in a windstorm, Elijah and Elisha were traveling from Gilgal. 2 Elijah told Elisha, “Stay here, for the Lord has sent me to Bethel.” But Elisha said, “As certainly as the Lord lives and as you live, I will not leave you.” So they went down to Bethel. 3 Some members of the prophetic guild in Bethel came out to Elisha and said, “Do you know that today the Lord is going to take your master from you?” He answered, “Yes, I know. Be quiet.” 4 Elijah said to him, “Elisha, stay here, for the Lord has sent me to Jericho.” But he replied, “As certainly as the Lord lives and as you live, I will not leave you.” So they went to Jericho. 5 Some members of the prophetic guild in Jericho approached Elisha and said, “Do you know that today the Lord is going to take your master from you?” He answered, “Yes, I know. Be quiet.” 6 Elijah said to him, “Stay here, for the Lord has sent me to the Jordan.”⁠ But he replied, “As certainly as the Lord lives and as you live, I will not leave you.” So they traveled on together. 7 The 50 members of the prophetic guild went and stood opposite them at a distance, while Elijah and Elisha stood by the Jordan. 8 Elijah took his cloak, folded it up, and hit the water with it. The water divided, and the two of them crossed over on dry ground.⁠ 9 When they had crossed over, Elijah said to Elisha, “What can I do for you, before I am taken away from you?” Elisha answered, “May I receive a double portion of the prophetic spirit that energizes you?” 10 Elijah replied, “That’s a difficult request! If you see me taken from you, may it be so, but if you don’t, it will not happen.” 11 As they were walking along and talking, suddenly a fiery chariot pulled by fiery horses appeared.⁠ They went between Elijah and Elisha, and Elijah went up to heaven in a windstorm.⁠ 12 While Elisha was watching, he was crying out, “My father, my father! The chariot and horsemen of Israel!” Then he could no longer see him. He grabbed his clothes and tore them in two. 13 He picked up Elijah’s cloak, which had fallen off him, and went back and stood on the shore of the Jordan. 14 He took the cloak that had fallen off Elijah, hit the water with it, and said, “Where is the Lord, the God of Elijah?” When he hit the water, it divided and Elisha crossed over. 15 When the members of the prophetic guild in Jericho, who were standing at a distance, saw him do this, they said, “The spirit that energized Elijah rests upon Elisha.” They went to meet him and bowed down to the ground before him. 16 They said to him, “Look, there are 50 capable men with your servants. Let them go and look for your master, for the wind sent from the Lord may have carried him away and dropped him on one of the hills or in one of the valleys.” But Elisha replied, “Don’t send them out.” 17 But they were so insistent that he became embarrassed. So he said, “Send them out.” They sent the 50 men out, and they looked for three days, but could not find Elijah. 18 When they came back, Elisha was staying in Jericho. He said to them, “Didn’t I tell you, ‘Don’t go’?” 19 The men of the city said to Elisha, “Look, the city has a good location, as our master can see. But the water is bad and the land doesn’t produce crops.” 20 Elisha said, “Get me a new jar and put some salt in it.” So they got it. 21 He went out to the spring and threw the salt in. Then he said, “This is what the Lord has said, ‘I have purified this water. It will no longer cause death or fail to produce crops.’” 22 The water has been pure to this very day, just as Elisha prophesied. 23 He went up from there to Bethel. As he was traveling up the road, some young boys came out of the city and made fun of him, saying, “Go on up, baldy! Go on up, baldy!” 24 When he turned around and saw them, he called God’s judgment down on them. Two female bears came out of the woods and ripped 42 of the boys to pieces. 25 From there he traveled to Mount Carmel and then back to Samaria.

Texts in conversation

Compare 2 Kings 2:11 and 1 Enoch 70:2

Hebrew Bible · Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses

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Summary

In 2 Kings, Elijah is sent to heaven in a fiery chariot and a windstorm. 1 Enoch draws on that scene to describe Enoch’s ascent on the chariots of the wind, linking the two figures taken up to heaven without dying.

Passages

2 Kings 2:11

Hebrew Bible
10 Elijah replied, “That’s a difficult request! If you see me taken from you, may it be so, but if you don’t, it will not happen.” 11 As they were walking along and talking, suddenly a fiery chariot pulled by fiery horses appeared. They went between Elijah and Elisha, and Elijah went up to heaven in a windstorm. 12 While Elisha was watching, he was crying out, “My father, my father! The chariot and horsemen of Israel!” Then he could no longer see him. He grabbed his clothes and tore them in two.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Kings

1 Enoch 70:2

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
1 After that, his name was exalted to the Son of Man and to the Lord of Spirits among those who live on the earth during his lifetime. 2 He was lifted up on the chariots of the spirit, and his name disappeared among them. 3 From that day, I was no longer counted among them; he placed me between the North and the West winds, where the angels measured a place for the chosen and the righteous.
300 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Enoch

References

... the only possible reference to the Spirit as the agent of such a translation is in reference to Enoch’s final assumption: ‘he was lifted on the chariots of the spirit, and his name vanished among them’ (1 Enoch 70:2). It seems likely, however, that we should understand: ‘chariots of the wind’. The terminology recalls Elijah’s translation in a chariot of fire and a whirlwind (2 Kings 2:11), and reflects the fact that on the basis of Elijah’s experience the chariot of fire and the whirlwind had become the common means of translation to heaven in the post-biblical Jewish literature. The two are probably identified in Sirach 48:9, and the chariot also became identified with the ‘chariot of the cherubim’. It was on this chariot, God’s own chariot, that Abraham and Adam experienced temporary raptures to heaven, and on this chariot Job’s soul was taken up to heaven after his death. ...
Richard Bauckham, The Climax of Prophecy: Studies on the Book of Revelation (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 1993), 155–156.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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2 Kings 2:11 and 1 Enoch 70:2

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