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2 Enoch

Secrets of Enoch

About this book
Chapter 42

1 I saw the key-holders and guards of the gates of hell standing,⁠ like great serpents, and their faces like extinguished lamps,⁠ and their eyes of fire, their sharp teeth. 2 And I said to them, 'I wish I had never seen you. May no one from my family ever come to you.' 3 And I saw a blessed place there, where every creature was blessed and everyone lived in joy and boundless happiness, in eternal life. 4 Guards are posted at the great eastern gates of the sun: fiery angels who sing songs of triumph and never stop rejoicing in the presence of the righteous. 5 At the last coming they will lead out Adam with our ancestors and bring them there so that they may rejoice, as a man invites the people he loves to a feast. They arrive full of joy and talk together outside his house, gladly waiting for his feast, for its delights and its boundless wealth, for joy and celebration in the light, and for eternal life. 6 Then I said: My children, now I tell you this. Blessed is the one who fears God and serves him. And you, my children, learn to bring gifts to the Lord, so that you may enjoy life. 7 Blessed is the one who judges justly, 8 who clothes the naked and gives bread to the hungry, 9 who defends the widow and the orphan and helps everyone who is wronged. 10 Blessed is the one who turns away from the shifting path and walks the straight one. 11 Blessed is the one who sows the seeds of righteousness, for that person will reap sevenfold. 12 Blessed is the one in whom truth lives, so that they speak the truth to their neighbor. 13 Blessed is the one whose mouth speaks with mercy and gentleness. 14 And I saw all the Lord's works, how they are right, while some of the works of man are good, and others bad, and the deeds of those who tell malicious lies reveal who they are.

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Enoch 53:3 and 2 Enoch 42:1

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses

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Summary

1 Enoch and 2 Enoch use similar apocalyptic details, showing supernatural beings like angels or demons preparing for judgment and punishment. They are described as executing justice on the powerful, using instruments associated with final judgment.

Passages

1 Enoch 53:3

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
2 They commit unlawful acts, and the sinners consume all they oppress unlawfully: yet, sinners will be destroyed from the presence of the Lord of Spirits, expelled from His earth, and they will be gone forever. 3 I saw all the angels of punishment waiting there, preparing all the instruments of Satan. 4 I asked the angel of peace who accompanied me, 'For whom are they preparing these instruments?' 5 He replied, 'They are preparing these for the kings and the powerful of this earth, so that they may be destroyed through them.'
300 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Enoch

2 Enoch 42:1

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · Secrets of Enoch
1 I saw the key-holders and guards of the gates of hell standing, like great serpents, and their faces like extinguished lamps, and their eyes of fire, their sharp teeth. 2 And I said to them, 'I wish I had never seen you. May no one from my family ever come to you.' 3 And I saw a blessed place there, where every creature was blessed and everyone lived in joy and boundless happiness, in eternal life.
1–100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Enoch

References

"... Why would theriomorphic creatures, probably demons, be situated in heaven? Their theriomorphic appearance may be connected with the function of the celestial afterworld doorkeepers and probably “angels of punishment” (1 Enoch 53:3; compare “spirits of retribution” of Testament of Levi 3:2, etc.). This understanding would better correspond to the second account of the Builders, where they have the “appearance of dogs” (3:3). The guarding of the Gates of the afterworld by beasts is a common motif; compare, e.g., in Greek and Roman traditions: Cerberus, Eurynomos of Pausanias (10.28.7), beasts and snakes (Aristophanes, The Frogs 143; 278), Hydra (Virgil, Aeneid 6.560; compare Ovid, Metamorphosis 4.451–52 and passim). See also the serpent-like gate keepers of Hades in 2 Enoch 42:1; etc. Although normally the netherworld is meant, in 3 Baruch Hades is located in heaven. According to Testament of Isaac 5:8 in the beginning of his heavenly tour the patriarch sees creatures whose “faces were like faces of camels and some were like the faces of dogs; others were like the faces of lions and hyenas and tigers.” ..."
Alexander Kulik, “How the Devil Got His Hooves and Horns: The Origin of the Motif and the Implied Demonology of 3 Baruch,” Numen 60 (2013): 195–229.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1 Enoch 53:3 and 2 Enoch 42:1

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