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2 Corinthians

About this book
Chapter 5

1 For we know that if our earthly house, the tent we live in, is dismantled, we have a building from God, a house not built by human hands, that is eternal in the heavens.⁠ 2 For in this earthly house we groan, because we desire to put on our heavenly dwelling, 3 if indeed, after we have put on our heavenly house, we will not be found naked.⁠ 4 For we groan while we are in this tent, since we are weighed down, because we do not want to be unclothed, but clothed, so that what is mortal may be swallowed up by life. 5 Now the one who prepared us for this very purpose is God, who gave us the Spirit as a down payment. 6 Therefore we are always full of courage, and we know that as long as we are alive here on earth we are absent from the Lord— 7 for we live by faith, not by sight. 8 Thus we are full of courage and would prefer to be away from the body and at home with the Lord. 9 So then whether we are alive or away, we make it our ambition to please him. 10 For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, so that each one may be paid back according to what he has done while in the body, whether good or evil.⁠ 11 Therefore, because we know the fear of the Lord, we try to persuade people, but we are well known to God, and I hope we are well known to your consciences too. 12 We are not trying to commend ourselves to you again, but are giving you an opportunity to be proud of us, so that you may be able to answer those who take pride in outward appearance and not in what is in the heart. 13 For if we are out of our minds, it is for God; if we are of sound mind, it is for you. 14 For the love of Christ controls us, since we have concluded this, that Christ died for all; therefore all have died. 15 And he died for all so that those who live should no longer live for themselves but for him who died for them and was raised. 16 So then from now on we acknowledge no one from an outward human point of view. Even though we have known Christ from such a human point of view, now we do not know him in that way any longer. 17 So then, if anyone is in Christ, he is a new creation; what is old has passed away—look, what is new has come!⁠ 18 And all these things are from God who reconciled us to himself through Christ and who has given us the ministry of reconciliation. 19 In other words, in Christ God was reconciling the world to himself, not counting people’s trespasses against them, and he has given us the message of reconciliation. 20 Therefore we are ambassadors for Christ, as though God were making his plea through us. We plead with you on Christ’s behalf, “Be reconciled to God!” 21 God made the one who did not know sin to be sin for us, so that in him we would become the righteousness of God.

Texts in conversation

Compare Psalm 62:12 and 2 Corinthians 5:10

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

In Psalm 62, the psalmist ends by saying that power and love belong to God, who repays each person for what they have done. In 2 Corinthians, Paul echoes the psalm, but it is at the judgment seat of Jesus that everyone must appear to be repaid.

Passages

Psalm 62:12

Hebrew Bible
10 Do not trust in what you can gain by oppression. Do not put false confidence in what you can gain by robbery. If wealth increases, do not become attached to it. 11 God has declared one principle; two principles I have heard: God is strong, 12 and you, O Lord, demonstrate loyal love. For you repay men for what they do.
600–201 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Psalms

2 Corinthians 5:10

New Testament
8 Thus we are full of courage and would prefer to be away from the body and at home with the Lord. 9 So then whether we are alive or away, we make it our ambition to please him. 10 For we must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ, so that each one may be paid back according to what he has done while in the body, whether good or evil. 11 Therefore, because we know the fear of the Lord, we try to persuade people, but we are well known to God, and I hope we are well known to your consciences too. 12 We are not trying to commend ourselves to you again, but are giving you an opportunity to be proud of us, so that you may be able to answer those who take pride in outward appearance and not in what is in the heart.
55–57 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Corinthians

References

"... Paul makes it clear that judgment is according to what someone has done ... Was Paul simply borrowing an expression, or was he allowing the Psalm to frame his thinking. The theme that judgment is according to works was commonly accepted in Jewish circles. Paul could also have referenced a number of other Psalms, but deliberately focused on Psalm 62. When the opposition has intensified, he acknowledges twice over that God is his rock (62:2, 6), and his need for refuge. He speaks of the cowardliness and falsehood of men (62:3-4), and of the vanity and greed of men (62:9, 10). David remains confident of the power and of the steadfast love of God (62:11, 12), and it is in that context that he speaks of God rendering to a man according to his work. The contrast in Psalm 62 is between those whose rock and refuge is God, and those who do evil. “The psalm, which ends with the phrase quoted here, sees God’s just judgment according to works as an expression of God’s power and mercy. This deep-rooted Jewish tradition is not denied by Paul, but rather celebrated. If one of the purposes of the letter is to show that God’s justice upstages that of Caesar and Rome, we could expect nothing less ..."
Iain Gibb, “Paul and the Psalms: Paul's Hermeneutic and Worldview” (MTh(R) diss., University of Glasgow, 2017), 109–110.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Psalm 62:12 and 2 Corinthians 5:10

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