Go to Related Reading
About this book

2 Corinthians

About this book
Chapter 12

1 It is necessary to go on boasting. Though it is not profitable, I will go on to visions and revelations from the Lord. 2 I know a man in Christ who fourteen years ago (whether in the body or out of the body I do not know, God knows) was caught up to the third heaven.⁠ 3 And I know that this man (whether in the body or apart from the body I do not know, God knows)⁠ 4 was caught up into paradise and heard things too sacred to be put into words, things that a person is not permitted to speak. 5 On behalf of such an individual I will boast, but on my own behalf I will not boast, except about my weaknesses. 6 For even if I wish to boast, I will not be a fool, for I would be telling the truth, but I refrain from this so that no one may regard me beyond what he sees in me or what he hears from me, 7 even because of the extraordinary character of the revelations. Therefore, so that I would not become arrogant, a thorn in the flesh was given to me,⁠ a messenger of Satan to trouble me—so that I would not become arrogant. 8 I asked the Lord three times about this, that it would depart from me. 9 But he said to me, “My grace is enough for you, for my power is made perfect in weakness.” So then, I will boast most gladly about my weaknesses, so that the power of Christ may reside in me. 10 Therefore I am content with weaknesses, with insults, with troubles, with persecutions and difficulties for the sake of Christ, for whenever I am weak, then I am strong. 11 I have become a fool. You yourselves forced me to do it, for I should have been commended by you. For I lack nothing in comparison to those “super-apostles,” even though I am nothing. 12 Indeed, the signs of an apostle were performed among you with great perseverance by signs and wonders and powerful deeds. 13 For how were you treated worse than the other churches, except that I myself was not a burden to you? Forgive me this injustice! 14 Look, for the third time I am ready to come to you, and I will not be a burden to you, because I do not want your possessions, but you. For children should not have to save up for their parents, but parents for their children. 15 Now I will most gladly spend and be spent for your lives! If I love you more, am I to be loved less? 16 But be that as it may, I have not burdened you. Yet because I was a crafty person, I took you in by deceit! 17 I have not taken advantage of you through anyone I have sent to you, have I? 18 I urged Titus to visit you, and I sent our brother along with him. Titus did not take advantage of you, did he? Did we not conduct ourselves in the same spirit? Did we not behave in the same way? 19 Have you been thinking all this time that we have been defending ourselves to you? We are speaking in Christ before God, and everything we do, dear friends, is to build you up. 20 For I am afraid that somehow when I come I will not find you what I wish, and you will find me not what you wish. I am afraid that somehow there may be quarreling, jealousy, intense anger, selfish ambition, slander, gossip, arrogance, and disorder. 21 I am afraid that when I come again, my God may humiliate me before you, and I will grieve for many of those who previously sinned and have not repented of the impurity, sexual immorality, and licentiousness that they have practiced.

Texts in conversation

Compare Apocalypse of Moses 37:5 and 2 Corinthians 12:2

Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions · New Testament

Share:

Summary

The Apocalypse of Moses and 2 Corinthians both describe an ascent to the third heaven, reflecting an ancient cosmology and an apocalyptic tradition in which multiple heavens were layered in the cosmos above the earth.

Passages

Apocalypse of Moses 37:5

Pseudepigrapha, Hebrew Bible Expansions
1 Now while Seth was saying this to his mother, look, an angel blew the trumpet, and all the angels who had been lying on their faces stood up, and they cried out in a terrifying voice and said: 2 'May the glory of the Lord (be) blessed by all His works, because He has had mercy on Adam the creature made by His hands.' 3 But when the angels had said these words, look, one of the six-winged seraphim came and snatched up Adam and carried him away to the Acherusian lake, and washed him three times, then brought him before God. 4 And he stayed there three hours, lying down, and after that the Father of all, sitting on his throne, reached out his hand, and took Adam and handed him over to the archangel Michael saying: 5 'Lift him up into Paradise to the third Heaven, and leave him there until that great and terrifying day when I will set the world in order.' 6 Then Michael took Adam and left him where God told him. And all the angels sang an angelic hymn, amazed that Adam had been forgiven.
200–140 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Apocalypse of Moses

2 Corinthians 12:2

New Testament
1 It is necessary to go on boasting. Though it is not profitable, I will go on to visions and revelations from the Lord. 2 I know a man in Christ who fourteen years ago (whether in the body or out of the body I do not know, God knows) was caught up to the third heaven. 3 And I know that this man (whether in the body or apart from the body I do not know, God knows) 4 was caught up into paradise and heard things too sacred to be put into words, things that a person is not permitted to speak. 5 On behalf of such an individual I will boast, but on my own behalf I will not boast, except about my weaknesses. 6 For even if I wish to boast, I will not be a fool, for I would be telling the truth, but I refrain from this so that no one may regard me beyond what he sees in me or what he hears from me,
55–57 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Corinthians

References

"... Presumably Paul was operating in a seven-heaven worldview when he said that in his out-of-the-body experience he was taken to the third heaven, where he heard unrepeatable words (2 Corinthians 12:1-4 NEB) ... What are we to make of this jumble of pre-scientific cosmologies? What are we to make of our own cosmology in light of them? Clearly, we have more physical evidence for ours than the ancients (or the Empera) had for theirs, with images from our giant telescopes and our spaceships. But that physical evidence does not make our cosmology 'true' and theirs 'false,' for ours, too, will seem amateurish, primitive, and amusing to people two thousand years from now ... The pseudepigrapha, from which we get our understanding of the development of the cosmology of the Jews in intertestamental and New Testament times. obviously contain contradictions and inconsistencies, especially of detail. But the detail is not the important part for us. We need to realize that the universe was geocentric, and that by New Testament times people believed it had seven heavens, the topmost one of which was God's dwelling place. Multiple heavens and God's location in the highest one are consistent views throughout the Bible and are part of the ideological framework through which God's nature and God's relationship to us is revealed in the Bible ..."
Jacob A. Loewen, The Bible in Cross-Cultural Perspective (Pasadena, CA: William Carey Library, 2000), 52.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Tags

Your feedback

Apocalypse of Moses 37:5 and 2 Corinthians 12:2

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library