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2 Clement

About this book
Chapter 14

1 Therefore, brothers and sisters, if we do the will of God our Father, we will be part of the first Church,⁠ which is spiritual and was created before the sun and the moon.⁠ But if we do not do the will of the Lord, we will be as the Scripture says, ‘My house has become a den of robbers.’ So let us choose instead to be part of the Church of life, that we may be saved. 2 And I do not suppose you are unaware that the living Church is the body of Christ; for the Scripture says, ‘God made humankind, male and female.’ The male is Christ and the female is the Church. The Scriptures and the Apostles clearly declare that the Church does not exist now for the first time, but has been from the beginning; for she was spiritual, as our Jesus also was spiritual, yet was manifested in the last days so that He might save us. 3 Now the Church, being spiritual, was revealed in the flesh of Christ, showing us that if any of us protect her in the flesh and do not defile her, we shall receive her again in the Holy Spirit; for this flesh is the counterpart and copy of the spirit. Therefore, anyone who has defiled the copy shall not receive the original for their share. This is what He means, brothers and sisters: Protect the flesh, that you may share in the spirit. 4 But if we say that the flesh is the Church and the spirit is Christ, then whoever has acted immorally with the flesh has acted immorally with the Church. Such a one, therefore, shall not partake of the spirit, which is Christ. 5 So excellent is the life and immortality that this flesh can receive as its share if the Holy Spirit joins with it. No one can describe or explain the things the Lord has prepared for His chosen ones.

Texts in conversation

Compare Jeremiah 7:11 and 2 Clement 14:1 and Jonathan Jeremiah 7:11

Hebrew Bible · Early Christian · Targum

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Summary

Jeremiah describes the temple as a den of robbers, criticizing hypocrisy. The Aramaic translation in the Targum applies this to synagogues, and 2 Clement extends it to Christian groups. Both reshape Jeremiah to address hypocrisy in their communities.

Passages

Jeremiah 7:11

Hebrew Bible
10 Then you come and stand in my presence in this temple I have claimed as my own and say, “We are safe!” You think you are so safe that you go on doing all those hateful sins! 11 Do you think this temple I have claimed as my own is to be a hideout for robbers? You had better take note! I have seen for myself what you have done! says the Lord. 12 So, go to the place in Shiloh where I allowed myself to be worshiped in the early days. See what I did to it because of the wicked things my people Israel did.
500–401 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jeremiah

2 Clement 14:1

Early Christian
1 Therefore, brothers and sisters, if we do the will of God our Father, we will be part of the first Church, which is spiritual and was created before the sun and the moon. But if we do not do the will of the Lord, we will be as the Scripture says, ‘My house has become a den of robbers.’ So let us choose instead to be part of the Church of life, that we may be saved.
130–160 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Clement

Jonathan Jeremiah 7:11

Targum
10 And come and stand before Me in this house, which is called by My name, and say, We are delivered to do all these abominations? 11 Has this house, which is called by My name, become a house of an assembly of wicked men in your eyes? Even so, I have seen it, says the Lord. 12 But go now to My place which was in Shiloh, where I set My name at the first, and see what I did to it because of the wickedness of My people Israel.
200–300 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jonathan Jeremiah

References

"... In 2 Clement and the Apostolic Constitutions, Jeremiah’s warnings of judgment are cited to abate impiety in churches (2 Clem. 14:1; Apostolic Constitutions 4.1.6). In Targum Jeremiah 7:11, Jeremiah’s “den of brigands” is applied to a synagogual context: “as a house of an assembly of wicked men”. And in the Talmud and midrashic literature, passages from Jeremiah 7 are cited under the assumption that they point to the destruction of the temple (b. Naz. 32b; Sifre Deuteronomy 342:1; Pesiqta de Rav Kahanna 14:2; Lamentations Rabbah 31:2; 56:1; Zohar 1:55b). In sum, then, those who wished to speak of divine judgment, or to depict their opponents as enemies of God’s covenant, often found this famous sermon near to hand ..."
Tucker S. Ferda, “Jeremiah 7 and Flavius Josephus on the First Jewish War,” JSJ 44.2 (2013): 158–173.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Jeremiah 7:11 and 2 Clement 14:1 and Jonathan Jeremiah 7:11

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