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2 Chronicles

About this book
Chapter 7

1 When Solomon finished praying, fire came down from heaven and consumed the burnt offering and the sacrifices, and the Lord’s splendor filled the temple.⁠ 2 The priests were unable to enter the Lord’s temple because the Lord’s splendor filled the Lord’s temple. 3 When all the Israelites saw the fire come down and the Lord’s splendor over the temple, they got on their knees with their faces downward toward the pavement. They worshiped and gave thanks to the Lord, saying, “Certainly he is good; certainly his loyal love endures!” 4 The king and all the people were presenting sacrifices to the Lord. 5 King Solomon sacrificed 22,000 cattle and 120,000 sheep. Then the king and all the people dedicated God’s temple. 6 The priests stood in their assigned spots, along with the Levites who had the musical instruments used for praising the Lord. (These were the ones King David made for giving thanks to the Lord and which were used by David when he offered praise, saying, “Certainly his loyal love endures.”) Opposite the Levites, the priests were blowing the trumpets, while all Israel stood there. 7 Solomon consecrated the middle of the courtyard that is in front of the Lord’s temple. He offered burnt sacrifices, grain offerings, and the fat from the peace offerings there because the bronze altar that Solomon had made was too small to hold all these offerings. 8 At that time Solomon and all Israel with him celebrated a festival for seven days. This great assembly included people from Lebo Hamath in the north to the Stream of Egypt in the south. 9 On the eighth day they held an assembly, for they had dedicated the altar for seven days and celebrated the festival for seven more days. 10 On the twenty-third day of the seventh month, Solomon sent the people home. They left happy and contented because of the good the Lord had done for David, Solomon, and his people Israel. 11 After Solomon finished building the Lord’s temple and the royal palace and accomplished all his plans for the Lord’s temple and his royal palace, 12 the Lord appeared to Solomon at night and said to him: “I have answered your prayer and chosen this place to be my temple where sacrifices are to be made. 13 When I close up the sky so that it doesn’t rain, or command locusts to devour the land’s vegetation, or send a plague among my people, 14 if my people, who belong to me, humble themselves, pray, seek to please me, and repudiate their sinful practices, then I will respond from heaven, forgive their sin, and heal their land.⁠ 15 Now I will be attentive and responsive to the prayers offered in this place. 16 Now I have chosen and consecrated this temple by making it my permanent home; I will be constantly present there. 17 You must serve me as your father David did. Do everything I commanded and obey my rules and regulations. 18 Then I will establish your dynasty, just as I promised your father David, ‘You will not fail to have a successor ruling over Israel.’ 19 “But if you people ever turn away from me, fail to obey the regulations and rules I instructed you to keep, and decide to serve and worship other gods, 20 then I will remove you from my land I have given you, I will abandon this temple I have consecrated with my presence, and I will make you an object of mockery and ridicule among all the nations. 21 As for this temple, which was once majestic, everyone who passes by it will be shocked and say, ‘Why did the Lord do this to this land and this temple?’ 22 Others will then answer, ‘Because they abandoned the Lord God of their ancestors, who led them out of Egypt. They embraced other gods whom they worshiped and served. That is why he brought all this disaster down on them.’”

Texts in conversation

Compare Leviticus 26:42 and 2 Chronicles 7:14

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

In 2 Chronicles, restoration is promised if people humble themselves, pray, and repent. This echoes Leviticus where exile leads to confession, humility, and covenant renewal, suggesting the Chronicler reshaped the priestly pattern of repentance.

Passages

Leviticus 26:42

Hebrew Bible
40 However, when they confess their iniquity and their ancestors’ iniquities which they committed by trespassing against me, by which they also walked in hostility against me 41 (and I myself will walk in hostility against them and bring them into the land of their enemies), and then their uncircumcised hearts become humbled and they make up for their iniquities, 42 I will remember my covenant with Jacob and also my covenant with Isaac and also my covenant with Abraham, and I will remember the land. 43 The land will be abandoned by them in order that it may make up for its Sabbaths while it is made desolate without them, and they will make up for their iniquity because they have rejected my regulations and have abhorred my statutes.
750–400 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Leviticus

2 Chronicles 7:14

Hebrew Bible
12 the Lord appeared to Solomon at night and said to him: “I have answered your prayer and chosen this place to be my temple where sacrifices are to be made. 13 When I close up the sky so that it doesn’t rain, or command locusts to devour the land’s vegetation, or send a plague among my people, 14 if my people, who belong to me, humble themselves, pray, seek to please me, and repudiate their sinful practices, then I will respond from heaven, forgive their sin, and heal their land. 15 Now I will be attentive and responsive to the prayers offered in this place. 16 Now I have chosen and consecrated this temple by making it my permanent home; I will be constantly present there.
400–301 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Chronicles

References

"... wherever repentance occurs in the early narratives, it is a human virtue, not a divine imperative. God calls neither upon man to repent nor upon his prophet to rouse him to repentance. The role of Moses is to intercede for Israel so that God will annul his decree (e.g., Exodus 32:11-13; 31; 33:12-16; 34:9; Numbers 12:11-13; 14:13-19; Deuteronomy 9:16-29), but not once is he expected to bring his people to repentance so that they might merit divine forgiveness. Other intercessors are also recorded in the early narratives, such as Abraham (Genesis 18:23; 20:7), Samuel (1 Samuel 7:5-9; 12:19; 15-11, compare Jeremiah 15:1, Psalm 99:6), Elijah (1 Kings 17:20; 18:24), Elisha (2 Kings 4:33; 5:11; 6:15-20), and Job (Job 42:6-9). These righteous leaders, just like Moses, turn to God for pardon but not to man for his repentance. It is against the backdrop of embryonic repentance that the innovation of the Priestly legislators can be measured. The analysis of the Priestly terms “asam” and “hitwadda” has shown that the principle of repentance is operative in sacrificial expiation. That this principle is also adumbrated in P’s hortatory admonitions, Leviticus 26, becomes evident by comparing its idiom with Isaiah (26:39-40; Isaiah 10:21-22; compare 7:3). Furthermore, if 26:39 means “shall be heartsick”, then the theology of chapter 26 is precisely equivalent to Isaiah’s, for like the prophet it predicts that Israel will repent after it is exiled. Thus, as both texts are saying the same thing - that a remnant (of Israel) will repent - Isaiah’s “sub” approximates P’s “hitwadda”. Last, a third penitential term in the Leviticus passage, ‘humble itself’ (verse 41), appears in the later narratives as a synonym for repentance (1 Kings 21:29; 2 Kings 22:19; 2 Chronicles 34:27; 2 Chronicles 7:14) ..."
Jacob Milgrom, Leviticus 1-16: A New Translation with Introduction and Commentary (New York: Doubleday, 1991), 376.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Leviticus 26:42 and 2 Chronicles 7:14

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