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2 Baruch

Syriac Apocalypse of Baruch

About this book

Prayer for the End of Suffering

Chapter 21

1 And I went away and sat in the valley of Cedron in a cave of the earth, and I sanctified my soul there, and I ate no bread, yet I was not hungry, and I drank no water, yet I thirsted not, and I was there till the seventh day, as He had commanded me. 2 And afterwards I came to that place where He had spoken with me. 3 And it came to pass at sunset that my soul took much thought, and I began to speak in the presence of the Mighty One, and said: 4 ‘O You that have made the earth, hear me, that have fixed the firmament by the word, and have made firm the height of the heaven by the spirit, that have called from the beginning of the world that which did not yet exist, and they obey You. 5 You that have commanded the air by Your nod, and have seen those things which are to be as those things which You are doing. 6 You that rule with great thought the hosts that stand before You: also the countless holy beings, which You made from the beginning, of flame and fire, which stand around Your throne You rule with indignation. 7 To You only does this belong that You should do at once whatever You wish. 8 Who cause the drops of rain to fall by number upon the earth, and alone know the consummation of the times before they come; have respect for my prayer. 9 For You alone are able to sustain all who are, and those who have passed away, and those who are to be, those who sin, and those who are righteous as living and being past finding out. 10 For You alone live immortal and past finding out, and know the number of mankind. 11 And if in time many have sinned, yet others not a few have been righteous. 12 You know where You preserve the end of those who have sinned, or the consummation of those who have been righteous. 13 For if there were this life only, which belongs to all men, nothing could be more bitter than this,⁠ 14 For of what profit is strength that turns to sickness, Or fullness of food that turns to famine, Or beauty that turns to ugliness. 15 For the nature of man is always changeable. 16 For what we were formerly now we no longer are, and what we now are we shall not afterwards remain. 17 For if a consummation had not been prepared for all, in vain would have been their beginning. 18 But regarding everything that comes from You, do You inform me, and regarding everything about which I ask You, do You enlighten me. 19 How long will that which is corruptible remain, and how long will the time of mortals be prospered, and until what time will those who transgress in the world be polluted with much wickedness? 20 Command therefore in mercy and accomplish all that You said You would bring, that Your might may be made known to those who think that Your patience is weakness. 21 And show to those who do not know, that everything that has happened to us and our city until now has been according to the patience of Your power, because on account of Your name You have called us a beloved people. 22 Bring to an end therefore from now on mortality. 23 And rebuke accordingly the angel of death, and let Your glory appear, and let the might of Your beauty be known, and let Sheol be sealed so that from this time forward it may not receive the dead, and let the treasuries of souls restore those which are enclosed in them. 24 For there have been many years like those that are desolate from the days of Abraham and Isaac and Jacob, and of all those who are like them, who sleep in the earth, on whose account You said that You had created the world. 25 And now quickly show Your glory, and do not defer what has been promised by You.’ 26 And when I had completed the words of this prayer I was greatly weakened.

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Corinthians 15:19 and 2 Baruch 21:13

New Testament · Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses

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Summary

In 1 Corinthians 15, Paul describes life without resurrection as pitiful, language echoed in 2 Baruch where life without resurrection is described as bitter. The laments similarly portray the idea of no future renewal and resurrection as intolerable.

Passages

1 Corinthians 15:19

New Testament
14 And if Christ has not been raised, then our preaching is futile and your faith is empty. 15 Also, we are found to be false witnesses about God, because we have testified against God that he raised Christ from the dead, when in reality he did not raise him, if indeed the dead are not raised. 16 For if the dead are not raised, then not even Christ has been raised. 17 And if Christ has not been raised, your faith is useless; you are still in your sins. 18 Furthermore, those who have fallen asleep in Christ have also perished. 19 For if only in this life we have hope in Christ, we should be pitied more than anyone. 20 But now Christ has been raised from the dead, the firstfruits of those who have fallen asleep.
55–57 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Corinthians

2 Baruch 21:13

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · Syriac Apocalypse of Baruch
10 For You alone live immortal and past finding out, and know the number of mankind. 11 And if in time many have sinned, yet others not a few have been righteous. 12 You know where You preserve the end of those who have sinned, or the consummation of those who have been righteous. 13 For if there were this life only, which belongs to all men, nothing could be more bitter than this, 14 For of what profit is strength that turns to sickness, Or fullness of food that turns to famine, Or beauty that turns to ugliness. 15 For the nature of man is always changeable. 16 For what we were formerly now we no longer are, and what we now are we shall not afterwards remain.
70–135 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 2 Baruch

References

"... Only when the reader reaches verse 12 does Paul’s stasis of fact (basic issue of the case) become clear. “Some of you say there is no resurrection of the dead” and the stasis continues through verse 19. Stasis in verses 3-19 reveals a series of hypothetical consequences in the form of a sorites (i.e., an interlocking chain of syllogisms) pushing the Corinthian position ad absurdum, ending with pathos (verse 19). (Compare Paul’s pathetical, i.e., pathos, note: “If for this life only we have hoped in Christ, we are of all people most to be pitied”, 1 Corinthians 15:9, with “For if there were this life only, which belongs to all men, nothing could be more bitter than this”, 2 Baruch 21:13) With invective and irony, Paul argues that the logical consequence of their position is that they have no gospel, faith, forgiveness, and no hope for their beloved dead, and thus no purpose in life ..."
Jerry W. McCant, “Competing Pauling Eschatologies: An Exegetical Comparison of 1 Corinthians 15 and 2 Corinthians 5,” WesTJ 29.1 (2008): 23–49.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1 Corinthians 15:19 and 2 Baruch 21:13

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