Go to Related Reading
About this book

1QS

Community Rule

About this book

Column 1

1 For […] … for his life, [the book of the] rule of the community: to seek 2 God with [all the heart] and with [all the soul], to do what is good and upright before him, as 3 he commanded by the hand of Moses and by the hand of all his servants the prophets; and to love all⁠ 4 that he has chosen and to hate all that he has rejected; to keep far from all evil 5 and to cling to all good works; and to do truth and righteousness and justice 6 in the land; and to walk no longer in the stubbornness of a guilty heart and eyes of fornication, 7 doing all evil; and to bring all who volunteer to do the statutes of God 8 into the covenant of kindness, to be joined in the counsel of God and to walk perfectly before him in all 9 that has been revealed for their appointed times; and to love all the sons of light,⁠ each⁠ 10 according to his lot in the counsel of God, and to hate all the sons of darkness, each according to his guilt 11 in the vengeance of God. And all who volunteer for his truth shall bring all their knowledge and their strength 12 and their wealth into the community of God, to purify their knowledge in the truth of the statutes of God, and to order their strength 13 according to the perfection of his ways, and all their wealth according to his righteous counsel; and not to step aside from any one⁠ 14 of all the words of God in their ages, and not to advance their times or to fall behind 15 any of their appointed times; and not to turn from his true statutes to go to the right or to the left. 16 And all who come into the rule of the community shall pass over into the covenant before God, to do 17 according to all that he has commanded, and not to turn back from following him because of any fear or dread or testing 18 that comes in the dominion of Belial. And when they pass over into the covenant, the priests 19 and the Levites shall bless the God of salvation and all his works of truth, and all 20 who pass over into the covenant shall say after them, “Amen, amen.” 21 And the priests shall recount the righteous acts of God in his mighty works 22 and proclaim all his merciful kindnesses toward Israel. And the Levites shall recount 23 the iniquities of the sons of Israel and all their guilty transgressions and their sins in the dominion of 24 Belial. [And all] who pass over into the covenant shall confess after them, saying, “We have done wrong,⁠ 25 we have transgressed, we have sinned, we have acted wickedly, we and our fathers before us, by walking 26 [contrary to the statutes of] truth and righteousness. [God has carried out] his judgment on us and on our fathers,

Texts in conversation

Compare 1QS 1:9 and Luke 16:8

Dead Sea Scrolls, Sectarian and Community Texts · New Testament

Share:

Summary

The Dead Sea Scrolls Community Rule divides humanity into sons of light and sons of darkness, those faithful to the covenant and those who are not. In Luke, Jesus uses similar language when describing the sons of light in the parable of the steward.

Passages

1QS 1:9

Dead Sea Scrolls, Sectarian and Community Texts · Community Rule
7 doing all evil; and to bring all who volunteer to do the statutes of God 8 into the covenant of kindness, to be joined in the counsel of God and to walk perfectly before him in all 9 that has been revealed for their appointed times; and to love all the sons of light, each 10 according to his lot in the counsel of God, and to hate all the sons of darkness, each according to his guilt 11 in the vengeance of God. And all who volunteer for his truth shall bring all their knowledge and their strength
160–100 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1QS

Luke 16:8

New Testament
3 Then the manager said to himself, ‘What should I do, since my master is taking my position away from me? I’m not strong enough to dig, and I’m too ashamed to beg. 4 I know what to do so that when I am put out of management, people will welcome me into their homes.’ 5 So he contacted his master’s debtors one by one. He asked the first, ‘How much do you owe my master?’ 6 The man replied, ‘100 measures of olive oil.’ The manager said to him, ‘Take your bill, sit down quickly, and write 50.’ 7 Then he said to another, ‘And how much do you owe?’ The second man replied, ‘100 measures of wheat.’ The manager said to him, ‘Take your bill, and write 80.’ 8 The master commended the dishonest manager because he acted shrewdly. For the people of this world are more shrewd in dealing with their contemporaries than the people of light. 9 And I tell you, make friends for yourselves by unrighteous mammon31, so that when it runs out, you will be welcomed into the eternal homes. 10 “The one who is faithful in a very little is also faithful in much, and the one who is dishonest in a very little is also dishonest in much.
75–85 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Luke

References

"... In Luke 16:8-9 we met two technical terms: the mammon of unrighteousness and the sons of light. As we have already said the term 'sons of light' does not appear anywhere else in the synoptic gospels. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that the second term, 'the wealth of unrighteousness' has a specific origin (compare 1QS) ..."
David Flusser, Judaism and the Origins of Christianity (Jerusalem: Magnes, 1988), 152–159.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

Your feedback

1QS 1:9 and Luke 16:8

Leave a comment

Your questions and comments are welcome!

Comments

Glossary

Search the Library