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About this book

1 Timothy

About this book
Chapter 6

1 Those who are under the yoke as slaves must regard their own masters as deserving of full respect. This will prevent the name of God and Christian teaching from being discredited. 2 But those who have believing masters must not show them less respect because they are brothers. Instead they are to serve all the more, because those who benefit from their service are believers and dearly loved. Teach them and exhort them about these things. 3 If someone spreads false teachings and does not agree with sound words (that is, those of our Lord Jesus Christ) and with the teaching that accords with godliness, 4 he is conceited and understands nothing, but has an unhealthy interest in controversies and verbal disputes. This gives rise to envy, dissension, slanders, evil suspicions, 5 and constant bickering by people corrupted in their minds and deprived of the truth, who suppose that godliness is a way of making a profit. 6 Now godliness combined with contentment brings great profit. 7 For we have brought nothing into this world and so we cannot take a single thing out either.⁠ 8 But if we have food and shelter, we will be satisfied with that. 9 Those who long to be rich, however, stumble into temptation and a trap⁠ and many senseless and harmful desires that plunge people into ruin and destruction. 10 For the love of money is the root of all evils. Some people in reaching for it have strayed from the faith and stabbed themselves with many pains.⁠ 11 But you, as a person dedicated to God, keep away from all that. Instead pursue righteousness, godliness, faithfulness, love, endurance, and gentleness. 12 Compete well for the faith and lay hold of that eternal life you were called for and made your good confession for in the presence of many witnesses. 13 I charge you before God who gives life to all things and Christ Jesus who made his good confession before Pontius Pilate, 14 to obey this command without fault or failure until the appearing of our Lord Jesus Christ⁠ 15 —whose appearing the blessed and only Sovereign, the King of kings and Lord of lords, will reveal at the right time. 16 He alone possesses immortality and lives in unapproachable light, whom no human has ever seen or is able to see.⁠ To him be honor and eternal power! Amen. 17 Command those who are rich in this world’s goods not to be haughty or to set their hope on riches, which are uncertain, but on God who richly provides us with all things for our enjoyment. 18 Tell them to do good, to be rich in good deeds, to be generous givers, sharing with others.⁠ 19 In this way they will save up a treasure for themselves as a firm foundation for the future and so lay hold of what is truly life. 20 O Timothy, protect what has been entrusted to you. Avoid the profane chatter and absurdities of so-called “knowledge.” 21 By professing it, some have strayed from the faith. Grace be with you all.

Texts in conversation

Compare Testament of Judah 19 and 1 Timothy 6:10

Pseudepigrapha, Testaments · New Testament

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Summary

The Testament of Judah warns that love of money leads to idolatry and madness, using language similar to 1 Timothy, which calls the desire for wealth the root of all evil. Both present greed as more than a personal failure.

Passages

Testament of Judah 19

Pseudepigrapha, Testaments · Testament of the Twelve Patriarchs
1 My children, the love of money leads to idolatry, because when people are led astray by money, they call gods those who are not gods, and it drives the one who has it into madness. For the sake of money I lost my children, and if my repentance, my humbling of myself, and my father's prayers had not been accepted, I would have died childless. 2 But the God of my fathers had mercy on me, because I had done it in ignorance. 3 The prince of lies blinded me, and I sinned as a mortal man, corrupted by sins, and I learned my own weakness while I had thought myself invincible.
100 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Testament of Judah

1 Timothy 6:10

New Testament
8 But if we have food and shelter, we will be satisfied with that. 9 Those who long to be rich, however, stumble into temptation and a trap and many senseless and harmful desires that plunge people into ruin and destruction. 10 For the love of money is the root of all evils. Some people in reaching for it have strayed from the faith and stabbed themselves with many pains. 11 But you, as a person dedicated to God, keep away from all that. Instead pursue righteousness, godliness, faithfulness, love, endurance, and gentleness.
90–100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Timothy

References

"... Placing the parables of the Rich Fool and Lazarus and the Rich Man in close proximity also invites readers to consider whether the man in 12:16–21 neglects to care for the poor. Such a question becomes common throughout the parable’s history of interpretation ... On several occasions Cyprian utilizes the parable, like Clement and Cassian, as a warning against luxury and greed. After citing 1 Timothy 6:10 - “for lust of money is the root of all evil”—he refers to Luke 12:20 to aver that riches are the “root of seductive evils” ... Although François Bovon follows Jülicher and others in describing the parable as “une histoire exemplaire,” he acknowledges the importance of wisdom parallels and identifies specific aspects of the parable as having their “equivalent” in Hebrew and Jewish wisdom. He cites several such parallels (in a footnote) to show that Luke 12:15 and 16–21 fit into Israel’s “wisdom tradition.” (These include Psalm 49:7, 11, 17–20; Sirach 11:18–19; Testament of Judah 18–19; 1 Enoch 94:6–11; 97:8–10; James 5:1–6. He also refers to the beatitude and woe in Luke 6:20, 24 and “all the Lucan texts on riches.”) ..."
Matthew S. Rindge, Jesus' Parable of the Rich Fool: Luke 12:13–34 among Ancient Conversations on Death and Possessions, ECL 6 (Atlanta: SBL, 2011), 10–11, 31–32.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Testament of Judah 19 and 1 Timothy 6:10

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