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1 Samuel

About this book
Chapter 24

1 (24:2) When Saul returned from pursuing the Philistines, he was told, “Look, David is in the desert of En Gedi.” 2 So Saul took 3,000 select men from all Israel and went to find David and his men in the region of the rocks of the mountain goats. 3 He came to the sheepfolds by the road, where there was a cave. Saul went into it to relieve himself. Now David and his men were sitting in the recesses of the cave. 4 David’s men said to him, “This is the day about which the Lord said to you, ‘I will give your enemy into your hand, and you can do to him whatever seems appropriate to you.’” So David got up and quietly cut off an edge of Saul’s robe. 5 Afterward David’s conscience bothered him because he had cut off an edge of Saul’s robe. 6 He said to his men, “May the Lord keep me far away from doing such a thing to my lord, who is the Lord’s chosen one, by extending my hand against him. After all, he is the Lord’s chosen one.” 7 David restrained his men with these words and did not allow them to rise up against Saul. Then Saul left the cave and started down the road. 8 Afterward David got up and went out of the cave. He called out to Saul, “My lord, O king!” When Saul looked behind him, David kneeled down and bowed with his face to the ground. 9 David said to Saul, “Why do you pay attention when men say, ‘David is seeking to do you harm’? 10 Today your own eyes see how the Lord delivered you—this very day—into my hands in the cave. Some told me to kill you, but I had pity on you and said, ‘I will not extend my hand against my lord, for he is the Lord’s chosen one.’ 11 Look, my father, and see the edge of your robe in my hand! When I cut off the edge of your robe, I didn’t kill you. So realize and understand that I am not planning evil or rebellion. Even though I have not sinned against you, you are waiting in ambush to take my life. 12 May the Lord judge between the two of us, and may the Lord vindicate me over you, but my hand will not be against you. 13 It’s like the old proverb says: ‘From evil people evil proceeds.’ But my hand will not be against you. 14 Who has the king of Israel come out after? Who is it that you are pursuing? A dead dog? A single flea? 15 May the Lord be our judge and arbiter. May he see and arbitrate my case and deliver me from your hands.” 16 When David finished speaking these words⁠ to Saul, Saul said, “Is that your voice, my son David?” Then Saul wept loudly. 17 He said to David, “You are more innocent than I, for you have treated me well, even though I have tried to harm you. 18 You have explained today how you have treated me well. The Lord delivered me into your hand, but you did not kill me. 19 Now if a man finds his enemy, does he send him on his way in good shape? May the Lord repay you with good this day for what you have done to me. 20 Now look, I realize that you will in fact be king and that the kingdom of Israel will be established in your hands. 21 So now swear to me in the Lord’s name that you will not kill my descendants after me or destroy my name from the house of my father.” 22 David promised Saul this on oath. Then Saul went to his house, and David and his men went up to the stronghold.

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Samuel 24:16 and Matthew 7:28

Hebrew Bible · New Testament

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Summary

Matthew 7 and 1 Samuel 24 use similar language to mark the end of a major speech. David finishes before Saul reacts, and Jesus ends his teaching before the story moves forward, connecting their authority through a common form.

Passages

1 Samuel 24:16

Hebrew Bible
15 May the Lord be our judge and arbiter. May he see and arbitrate my case and deliver me from your hands.” 16 When David finished speaking these words to Saul, Saul said, “Is that your voice, my son David?” Then Saul wept loudly. 17 He said to David, “You are more innocent than I, for you have treated me well, even though I have tried to harm you. 18 You have explained today how you have treated me well. The Lord delivered me into your hand, but you did not kill me.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Samuel

Matthew 7:28

New Testament
26 Everyone who hears these words of mine and does not do them is like a foolish man who built his house on sand. 27 The rain fell, the flood came, and the winds beat against that house, and it collapsed—it was utterly destroyed!” 28 When Jesus finished saying these things, the crowds were amazed by his teaching, 29 because he taught them like one who had authority, not like their experts in the law.
70–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Matthew

References

"... No sooner had Jesus uttered his words of warning about an impending ominous event than the narrative overtakes his preaching, revealing the unfolding of end-time events. Some commentators consider Matthew’s five notations of points in the narrative when Jesus had concluded speaking (viz. 7:28; 11:1; 13:53; 19:1; 26:1) to indicate five internal divisions within the texts, corresponding to the Five Books of Moses. In my opinion, the use of “concluded all of these words” is an indicator of prophetic significance. Jesus has spoken, and his words are about to become reality. In 1 Samuel 24:16 the use of the same phrase is also forward looking: “And it was as David concluded these words ...” David had just declared to Saul that God would judge between the two of them; one would be found innocent and the other guilty. In so doing he quoted an ancient proverb: “From the wicked comes forth wickedness,” which also sums up Jesus’ message in the previous chapter. Just as the events of history overtake David’s words, so too with Jesus. It seems unlikely that these literary parallels between Jesus and David are random or accidental ..."
Herbert W. Basser and Marsha B. Cohen, The Gospel of Matthew and Judaic Traditions: A Relevance-Based Commentary, BRLJ 46 (Leiden: Brill, 2015), 656.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1 Samuel 24:16 and Matthew 7:28

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