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1 Samuel

About this book
Chapter 11

1 Nahash the Ammonite marched against Jabesh Gilead.⁠ All the men of Jabesh Gilead said to Nahash, “Make a treaty with us and we will serve you.” 2 But Nahash the Ammonite said to them, “The only way I will make a treaty with you is if you let me gouge out the right eye of every one of you and in so doing humiliate all Israel!” 3 The elders of Jabesh said to him, “Leave us alone for seven days so that we can send messengers throughout the territory of Israel. If there is no one who can deliver us, we will come out voluntarily to you.” 4 When the messengers went to Gibeah (where Saul lived) and informed the people of these matters, all the people wept loudly. 5 Now Saul was walking behind the oxen as he came from the field. Saul asked, “What has happened to the people? Why are they weeping?” So they told him about the men of Jabesh. 6 The Spirit of God rushed upon Saul when he heard these words, and he became very angry. 7 He took a pair of oxen and cut them up. Then he sent the pieces throughout the territory of Israel by the hand of messengers,⁠ who said, “Whoever does not go out after Saul and after Samuel should expect this to be done to his oxen!” Then the terror of the Lord fell on the people, and they went out as one army.⁠ 8 When Saul counted them at Bezek, the Israelites were 300,000 strong and the men of Judah numbered 30,000. 9 They said to the messengers who had come, “Here’s what you should say to the men of Jabesh Gilead: ‘Tomorrow deliverance will come to you when the sun is fully up.’” When the messengers went and told the men of Jabesh Gilead, they were happy. 10 The men of Jabesh said, “Tomorrow we will come out to you and you can do with us whatever you wish.” 11 The next day Saul placed the people in three groups. They went to the Ammonite camp during the morning watch and struck them down until the hottest part of the day. The survivors scattered; no two of them remained together. 12 Then the people said to Samuel, “Who were the ones asking, ‘Will Saul reign over us?’ Hand over those men so we may execute them!” 13 But Saul said, “No one will be killed on this day. For today the Lord has given Israel a victory!” 14 Samuel said to the people, “Come on! Let’s go to Gilgal and renew the kingship there.” 15 So all the people went to Gilgal, where they established Saul as king in the Lord’s presence. They offered up peace offerings there in the Lord’s presence. Saul and all the Israelites were very happy.

Texts in conversation

Compare Judges 21:10 and 1 Samuel 11:1

Hebrew Bible

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Summary

In Judges 21, Israel wipes out Jabesh Gilead and gives its virgin daughters to Benjamin as wives. 1 Samuel 11 describes Saul, himself a Benjaminite, rushing to save the same town, a loyalty the forced marriages may help explain.

Passages

Judges 21:10

Hebrew Bible
9 When they took roll call, they noticed none of the inhabitants of Jabesh Gilead were there. 10 So the assembly sent 12,000 capable warriors against Jabesh Gilead. They commanded them, “Go and kill with your swords the inhabitants of Jabesh Gilead, including the women and little children. 11 Do this: Exterminate every male, as well as every woman who has experienced a man’s bed. But spare the lives of any virgins.” So they did as instructed. 12 They found among the inhabitants of Jabesh Gilead 400 young girls who were virgins who had never been intimate with a man in bed. They brought them back to the camp at Shiloh in the land of Canaan.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Judges

1 Samuel 11:1

Hebrew Bible
1 Nahash the Ammonite marched against Jabesh Gilead. All the men of Jabesh Gilead said to Nahash, “Make a treaty with us and we will serve you.” 2 But Nahash the Ammonite said to them, “The only way I will make a treaty with you is if you let me gouge out the right eye of every one of you and in so doing humiliate all Israel!” 3 The elders of Jabesh said to him, “Leave us alone for seven days so that we can send messengers throughout the territory of Israel. If there is no one who can deliver us, we will come out voluntarily to you.” 4 When the messengers went to Gibeah (where Saul lived) and informed the people of these matters, all the people wept loudly.
600–501 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Samuel

References

"... Jabesh-Gilead was intimately involved in the career of Saul. His first act of kingship was the rescue of Jabesh-Gilead (1 Samuel 11); the people of the city were always faithful to him. They buried him (1 Samuel 31.11-13), and later buried his remaining sons (2 Samuel 21.12-14). The mention of Jabesh-Gilead focuses attention on all the correspondences between this story and the accounts of Saul’s career. Saul was from the tribe of Benjamin; his home was in Gibeah and he established his court there (1 Samuel 10.26); and he was crowned at Mizpah. The worthless ones, bene beliyya-’al, refused to accept his kingship until he proved himself a leader in the rescue of Jabesh-Gilead (1 Samuel 10.27). He mustered all the tribes of Israel by sending out pieces of a butchered carcass and brought them to save Jabesh-Gilead. ..."
Tikva Frymer-Kensky, Reading the Women of the Bible A New Interpretation of Their Stories (New York: Schocken, 2002), 134.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Judges 21:10 and 1 Samuel 11:1

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