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1 Peter

About this book
Chapter 5

1 So as your fellow elder and a witness of Christ’s sufferings and as one who shares in the glory that will be revealed, I urge the elders among you: 2 Give a shepherd’s care to God’s flock among you, exercising oversight not merely as a duty but willingly under God’s direction, not for shameful profit but eagerly. 3 And do not lord it over those entrusted to you, but be examples to the flock. 4 Then when the Chief Shepherd appears, you will receive the crown of glory that never fades away.⁠ 5 In the same way, you who are younger, be subject to the elders. And all of you, clothe yourselves with humility toward one another because God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble.⁠ 6 And God will exalt you in due time, if you humble yourselves under his mighty hand⁠ 7 by casting all your cares on him because he cares for you.⁠ 8 Be sober and alert. Your enemy the devil, like a roaring lion, is on the prowl looking for someone to devour.⁠ 9 Resist him, strong in your faith, because you know that your brothers and sisters throughout the world are enduring the same kinds of suffering. 10 And, after you have suffered for a little while, the God of all grace who called you to his eternal glory in Christ will himself restore, confirm, strengthen, and establish you. 11 To him belongs the power forever. Amen. 12 Through Silvanus, whom I know to be a faithful brother, I have written to you briefly, in order to encourage you and testify that this is the true grace of God. Stand fast in it. 13 The church in Babylon, chosen together with you,⁠ greets you, and so does Mark, my son. 14 Greet one another with a loving kiss. Peace to all of you who are in Christ.

Texts in conversation

Compare LXX Psalms 54:23 and 1 Peter 5:7

Septuagint · New Testament

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Summary

1 Peter uses language from the Greek Septuagint translation of Psalm 54 to urge the faithful to place their cares on God. In the psalm, this expresses trust during betrayal, while in 1 Peter it teaches faithfulness during persecution.

Passages

LXX Psalms 54:23

Septuagint
20 God shall hear, and bring them low, even he that has existed from eternity. Pause. For they suffer no reverse, and therefore they have not feared God. 21 He has reached forth his hand for retribution; they have profaned his covenant. 22 They were scattered at the anger of his face, and his heart drew near them. His words were smoother than oil, yet they are darts. 23 Cast your care upon the Lord, and he shall sustain you; he shall never allow the righteous to be moved. 24 But you, God, shall bring them down to the pit of destruction; bloody and crafty men shall not live out half their days; but I will hope in you, Lord.
100–1 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in LXX Psalms

1 Peter 5:7

New Testament
4 Then when the Chief Shepherd appears, you will receive the crown of glory that never fades away. 5 In the same way, you who are younger, be subject to the elders. And all of you, clothe yourselves with humility toward one another because God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble. 6 And God will exalt you in due time, if you humble yourselves under his mighty hand 7 by casting all your cares on him because he cares for you. 8 Be sober and alert. Your enemy the devil, like a roaring lion, is on the prowl looking for someone to devour. 9 Resist him, strong in your faith, because you know that your brothers and sisters throughout the world are enduring the same kinds of suffering.
80–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Peter

References

"... 1 Peter contains at least nineteen quotations, mostly in a “just-as” mode but with an added paraenetic punch: 1 Peter 1:16, an injunction to be holy (Leviticus 19:2); 1 Peter 3:6, that women should behave toward husbands as Sarah obeyed Abraham, calling him lord (Genesis 18:12); 1 Peter 3:10–12, keep your tongue from evil and seek peace (Psalm 34:12–16); 1 Peter 5:5, God resists the proud but gives grace to the humble (Proverbs 3:34 LXX); and the exhortation in 1 Peter 5:7 to cast all anxiety on God (Ps 55:22) ..."
Ralph P. Martin and Peter H. Davids, eds., Dictionary of the Later New Testament & Its Developments (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1997), 804.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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LXX Psalms 54:23 and 1 Peter 5:7

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