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About this book

1 Peter

About this book
Chapter 2

1 So get rid of all evil and all deceit and hypocrisy and envy and all slander. 2 And yearn like newborn infants for pure, spiritual milk, so that by it you may grow up to salvation, 3 if you have tasted the Lord’s kindness.⁠ 4 So as you come to him, a living stone rejected by men but chosen and precious in God’s sight,⁠ 5 you yourselves, as living stones, are built up as a spiritual house to be a holy priesthood and to offer spiritual sacrifices that are acceptable to God through Jesus Christ. 6 For it says in scripture, “Look, I lay in Zion a stone, a chosen and precious cornerstone, and whoever believes in him will never be put to shame.”⁠ 7 So you who believe see his value, but for those who do not believe, the stone that the builders rejected has become the cornerstone,⁠ 8 and a stumbling-stone and a rock to trip over. They stumble because they disobey the word, as they were destined to do. 9 But you are a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people of his own,⁠ so that you may proclaim the virtues of the one who called you out of darkness into his marvelous light. 10 You once were not a people, but now you are God’s people. You were shown no mercy, but now you have received mercy. 11 Dear friends, I urge you as foreigners and exiles⁠ to keep away from fleshly desires that do battle against the soul,⁠ 12 and maintain good conduct among the non-Christians, so that though they now malign you as wrongdoers, they may see your good deeds and glorify God when he appears.⁠ 13 Be subject to every human institution for the Lord’s sake, whether to a king as supreme⁠ 14 or to governors as those he commissions to punish wrongdoers and praise those who do good. 15 For God wants you to silence the ignorance of foolish people by doing good. 16 Live as free people, not using your freedom as a pretext for evil, but as God’s slaves. 17 Honor all people, love the family of believers, fear God, honor the king.⁠ 18 Slaves, be subject to your masters with all reverence, not only to those who are good and gentle, but also to those who are perverse. 19 For this finds God’s favor, if because of conscience toward God someone endures hardships in suffering unjustly. 20 For what credit is it if you sin and are mistreated and endure it? But if you do good and suffer and so endure, this finds favor with God. 21 For to this you were called, since Christ also suffered for you, leaving an example for you to follow in his steps. 22 He committed no sin nor was deceit found in his mouth.⁠ 23 When he was maligned, he did not answer back; when he suffered, he threatened no retaliation, but committed himself to God who judges justly. 24 He himself bore our sins in his body on the tree, that we may cease from sinning and live for righteousness. By his wounds you were healed.⁠ 25 For you were going astray like sheep but now you have turned back to the shepherd and guardian of your souls.

Texts in conversation

Compare Mark 12:10 and 1 Peter 2:7 and Gospel of Thomas 66

New Testament · Nag Hammadi

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Summary

In Mark's Greek, the sentence about the rejected stone is grammatically uneven. The language is smoother in First Peter; in the Gospel of Thomas, a new command to show Jesus the stone changes the quotation into a challenge.

Passages

Mark 12:10

New Testament
9 What then will the owner of the vineyard do? He will come and destroy those tenants and give the vineyard to others. 10 Have you not read this scripture: “‘The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone. 11 This is from the Lord, and it is marvelous in our eyes’?”
60–75 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Mark

1 Peter 2:7

New Testament
6 For it says in scripture, “Look, I lay in Zion a stone, a chosen and precious cornerstone, and whoever believes in him will never be put to shame.” 7 So you who believe see his value, but for those who do not believe, the stone that the builders rejected has become the cornerstone, 8 and a stumbling-stone and a rock to trip over. They stumble because they disobey the word, as they were destined to do.
80–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Peter

Gospel of Thomas 66

Nag Hammadi
65 He said, “A good man owned a vineyard and leased it to some farmers to work it and he might receive its fruit from them. He sent his servant so that the farmers might give him the fruit of the vineyard. They seized his servant, beat him, and almost killed him, and the servant returned and told his master. His master said, ‘Perhaps they did not recognize him.’ He sent another servant. The farmers beat that one as well. Then the owner sent his son and said, ‘Perhaps they will show respect to my son.’ The farmers knew that he was the heir of the vineyard. They seized him and killed him. Whoever has ears should hear.” 66 Jesus said, “Show me the stone that the builders rejected; that is the cornerstone.” 67 Jesus said, “Whoever knows all but lacks within himself lacks everything.”
135–200 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in the Gospel of Thomas

References

“... As Ps. 118.22 and the Synoptic versions stand, there is the slight oddity of beginning with a free-standing accusative. 1 Peter deals with this awkwardness in one way: it turns it into a nominative. Thomas deals with it a different way, by supplying a main verb for the object ‘the stone’. The stone which the builders rejected—that is the corner-stone. A link with the wording of the Diatessaron Haarense is extremely tenuous, as Baarda has shown. ‘Cornerstone’ may be closer to 1 Pet. 2.6 (cf. Eph. 2.20) than to the Synoptics’ ‘capstone’, but in 1 Pet. 2.7 the cornerstone is in any case identified with the ‘capstone’ of Ps. 118. ...”
Simon Gathercole, The Gospel of Thomas: Introduction and Commentary (Leiden: Brill, 2014), 465–466.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Mark 12:10 and 1 Peter 2:7 and Gospel of Thomas 66

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