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About this book

1 Peter

About this book
Chapter 1

1 From Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to those temporarily residing abroad⁠ (in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, the province of Asia, and Bithynia) who are chosen 2 according to the foreknowledge of God the Father by being set apart by the Spirit for obedience and for sprinkling with Jesus Christ’s blood. May grace and peace be yours in full measure! 3 Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! By his great mercy he gave us new birth into a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, 4 that is, into an inheritance imperishable, undefiled, and unfading. It is reserved in heaven for you,⁠ 5 who by God’s power are protected through faith for a salvation ready to be revealed in the last time.⁠ 6 This brings you great joy, although you may have to suffer for a short time in various trials.⁠ 7 Such trials show the proven character of your faith, which is much more valuable than gold—gold⁠ that is tested by fire,⁠ even though it is passing away—and will bring praise and glory and honor when Jesus Christ is revealed.⁠ 8 You have not seen him, but you love him. You do not see him now but you believe in him, and so you rejoice with an indescribable and glorious joy, 9 because you are attaining the goal of your faith—the salvation of your souls. 10 Concerning this salvation, the prophets who predicted the grace that would come to you searched and investigated carefully. 11 They probed into what person or time the Spirit of Christ within them was indicating when he testified beforehand about the sufferings appointed for Christ and his subsequent glory. 12 They were shown that they were serving not themselves but you, in regard to the things now announced to you through those who proclaimed the gospel to you by the Holy Spirit sent from heaven—things angels long to catch a glimpse of. 13 Therefore, get your minds ready for action by being fully sober, and set your hope completely on the grace that will be brought to you when Jesus Christ is revealed. 14 Like obedient children, do not comply with the evil urges you used to follow in your ignorance, 15 but, like the Holy One who called you, become holy yourselves in all of your conduct, 16 for it is written, “You shall be holy, because I am holy.” 17 And if you address as Father the one who impartially judges according to each one’s work, live out the time of your temporary residence here in reverence.⁠ 18 You know that from your empty way of life inherited from your ancestors you were ransomed—not by perishable things like silver or gold,⁠ 19 but by precious blood like that of an unblemished and spotless lamb, namely Christ. 20 He was foreknown before the foundation of the world⁠ but was manifested in these last times for your sake.⁠ 21 Through him you now trust in God, who raised him from the dead and gave him glory, so that your faith and hope are in God. 22 You have purified your souls by obeying the truth in order to show sincere mutual love. So love one another earnestly from a pure heart. 23 You have been born anew, not from perishable but from imperishable seed,⁠ through the living and enduring word of God. 24 For all flesh is like grass and all its glory like the flower of the grass; the grass withers and the flower falls off,⁠ 25 but the word of the Lord endures forever. And this is the word that was proclaimed to you.

Texts in conversation

Compare Sirach 16:12 and 1 Peter 1:17

Deuterocanon · New Testament

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Summary

Sirach teaches that mercy and judgment exist together, with each person repaid fairly according to their deeds. 1 Peter echoes this interpretation, describing God as an impartial judge who evaluates conduct rather than personal honor or status.

Passages

Sirach 16:12

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
11 Even if there is one stiff-necked person, it is a marvel if he will be unpunished; for mercy and wrath are both with him who is mighty to forgive, and he pours out wrath. 12 As his mercy is great, so is his correction also. He judges a man according to his works. 13 The sinner will not escape with plunder. The perseverance of the godly will not be frustrated. 14 He will make room for every work of mercy. Each man will receive according to his works. 17 Don’t say, “I will be hidden from the Lord,” and “Who will remember me from on high?” I will not be known among so many people, for what is my soul in a boundless creation?
195–180 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Sirach

1 Peter 1:17

New Testament
14 Like obedient children, do not comply with the evil urges you used to follow in your ignorance, 15 but, like the Holy One who called you, become holy yourselves in all of your conduct, 16 for it is written, “You shall be holy, because I am holy.” 17 And if you address as Father the one who impartially judges according to each one’s work, live out the time of your temporary residence here in reverence. 18 You know that from your empty way of life inherited from your ancestors you were ransomed—not by perishable things like silver or gold, 19 but by precious blood like that of an unblemished and spotless lamb, namely Christ.
80–90 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Peter

References

"... The principle of recompense does not ultimately hold for human-to-human relations, but is left to God, as implied by the passive “will be repaid” (compare Sirach 28:1, “the vengeful will face the Lord’s vengeance”; 1QS x 18, “for with God is the judgement of every living being”; CD A ix 2–5, interpreting Leviticus 19:18 through Nahum 1:2; Romans 12:19). It is thus only with the understanding that the wicked are under divine judgement that any participation therein by the righteous becomes conceivable. The notion of being judged in accordance with one’s actions, characteristic of the Epistle, is widespread throughout Jewish and early Christian tradition; see Job 34:11; Psalms 28:4; 62:13; Proverbs 24:12; Isaiah 59:18; Jeremiah 25:14; 50:29; Lamentations 3:64; Hosea 12:2; Zechariah 1:6; Sirach 16:12; 35:24; Psalms of Solomon 2:6, 34; Romans 2:6; 8:13; 1 Peter 1:17 ..."
Loren T. Stuckenbruck, 1 Enoch 91–108 (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co. KG, 2007), 279–280.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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Sirach 16:12 and 1 Peter 1:17

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