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1 Enoch

About this book
Chapter 71

1 After that my spirit was taken up, and I ascended into the heavens. I saw the holy sons of God walking on flames of fire; their garments were white, and their faces shone like snow. 2 I saw two streams of fire, and the light from the fire was like hyacinth. Overwhelmed, I fell on my face before the Lord of Spirits.⁠ 3 The archangel Michael took me by my right hand, lifted me up, and led me through all the secrets, showing me all the secrets of righteousness. 4 He revealed to me all the secrets of the ends of heaven, and all the chambers of the stars and the lights, from where they come out before the holy ones. 5 My spirit was taken into the highest heaven, where I saw a structure built of crystals with tongues of living fire between them.⁠ 6 I saw the band of fire surrounding this fiery house, with streams of living fire on all four sides. 7 Around it were Seraphim, Cherubim, and Ophanim, who do not sleep and guard the throne of His glory. 8 There I saw countless angels, thousands of thousands and ten thousand times ten thousand, surrounding the house.⁠ Michael, Raphael, Gabriel, Phanuel, and the holy angels from above the heavens went in and out of the house. 9 They came out of that house, and along with Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, and Phanuel came many holy angels beyond number. 10 With them was the Head of Days,⁠ whose head was white and pure as wool, and whose garments were beyond description. 11 Overcome, I fell on my face, my whole body went limp, and my spirit was transformed;⁠ I cried out with a loud voice, blessing, glorifying, and exalting Him. 12 These blessings from my mouth pleased the Head of Days.⁠ 13 The Head of Days came with Michael, Gabriel, Raphael, and Phanuel, accompanied by thousands and tens of thousands of angels beyond number. 14 One of the angels came to me and said, 'This is the Son of Man who was born for righteousness. Righteousness dwells with him, and the righteousness of the Head of Days never leaves him.' 15 He told me, 'He proclaims peace to you in the name of the world to come. Since the creation of the world, peace has come from here, and so it will be for you forever.' 16 'All will follow his path because righteousness never leaves him. They will dwell with him, and their inheritance will be with him, never to be separated from him forever.' 17 'So the Son of Man will have long days,⁠ and the righteous will have peace and walk in upright ways in the name of the Lord of Spirits forever.'

Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Enoch 71:5 and Revelation 21:10

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · New Testament

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Summary

In 1 Enoch 71, Enoch is taken to the highest level of heaven where he sees a crystal structure surrounded by living fire, described as a heavenly temple. Revelation 21 describes a similar vision where John is taken to heaven to see the new Jerusalem.

Passages

1 Enoch 71:5

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses
3 The archangel Michael took me by my right hand, lifted me up, and led me through all the secrets, showing me all the secrets of righteousness. 4 He revealed to me all the secrets of the ends of heaven, and all the chambers of the stars and the lights, from where they come out before the holy ones. 5 My spirit was taken into the highest heaven, where I saw a structure built of crystals with tongues of living fire between them. 6 I saw the band of fire surrounding this fiery house, with streams of living fire on all four sides.
300 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Enoch

Revelation 21:10

New Testament
10 So he took me away in the Spirit to a huge, majestic mountain and showed me the holy city, Jerusalem, descending out of heaven from God. 11 The city possesses the glory of God; its brilliance is like a precious jewel, like a stone of crystal-clear jasper. 12 It has a massive, high wall with twelve gates, with twelve angels at the gates, and the names of the twelve tribes of the nation of Israel are written on the gates. 13 There are three gates on the east side, three gates on the north side, three gates on the south side, and three gates on the west side. 14 The wall of the city has twelve foundations, and on them are the twelve names of the twelve apostles of the Lamb. 15 The angel who spoke to me had a golden measuring rod with which to measure the city and its foundation stones and wall.
92–96 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in Revelation

References

"... There are many references to God's heavenly throne in texts such as 1 Enoch 60:2, 62:3, and 84:2, as well as the Apocalypse of Abraham 18:12, but not all include a temple or city. In 1 Enoch 14:14-23, Enoch is swept up into heaven and beholds a vast white house encircled by fire. Inside, he finds another house of fire with a throne at its center, flanked by cherubim and the Glorious One seated upon it, signifying the heavenly temple. Enoch witnesses this once more in 1 Enoch 71:5-11. The heavenly throne doesn't always conjure an image of a heavenly temple, but it might encompass acts of service, prayer, and worship. This portrayal of the heavenly temple and city offers a solution to the problem of human defilement of the city by envisioning the city as fundamentally heavenly, isolated from earthly human contact. Additionally, the universal importance of Jerusalem is highlighted by emphasizing its significance and uniqueness in this world. Jerusalem is posited at "the middle of the earth," as suggested by the Sibylline Oracles 5:250, and echoed in 1 Enoch 26:1, 2 Enoch 72:35, and Jubilees 8:12, 19, a notion occasionally found in the Old Testament, such as in Ezekiel 38:12 and Judges 9:37. Jerusalem is distinctively God's city, as declared in 4 Ezra 10:7, where Ezra states, "From all the cities that have been built you have consecrated Zion for yourself." Additionally, 1 Enoch 25:3 portrays it as the earthly location of God's throne ..."
Lois Katharine Dow, “Eternal Jerusalem: Jerusalem/Zion in Biblical Theology with Special Attention to ‘New Jerusalem’ as the Name for the Final State in Revelation 21-22” (PhD diss., McMaster Divinity College, 2008), 158–159.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1 Enoch 71:5 and Revelation 21:10

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