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1 Enoch

Ethiopic Book of Enoch

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The Measuring Cords

Chapter 61

1 And I saw in those days how long cords were given to those angels, and they took wings for themselves and flew,⁠ heading north.⁠

2 I asked the angel, “Why have those angels taken these cords and departed?” And he replied, “They have gone to measure.”⁠

3 The angel who accompanied me said, “These will bring the measures of the righteous, and the ropes of the righteous to the righteous, so that they may rely on the name of the Lord of Spirits forever and ever.

4 “The chosen will begin to dwell with the chosen, and these are the measures which will be given to faith and which will strengthen righteousness. 5 And these measures will uncover all the secrets of the depths of the earth, and those who were destroyed in the wilderness, and those devoured by beasts, and those eaten by the fish of the sea,⁠ so that they may return⁠ and rely on the day of the Chosen One,⁠ for no one will be destroyed before the Lord of Spirits, nor can any be destroyed.”⁠

The Chosen One and the Heavenly Assembly

6 And all who dwell above in heaven received a command and power and one voice and one light like fire.⁠ 7 And with their first words, they blessed, honored, and praised with wisdom, and they were wise in speech and in the spirit of life.

8 And the Lord of Spirits⁠ placed the Chosen One on the throne of glory, and he will judge all the works of the holy above in heaven, and in the balance their deeds will be weighed. 9 And when he lifts up his face to judge their secret ways according to the word of the Lord of Spirits, and their path according to the way of the righteous judgment of the Lord of Spirits, then they all will speak and bless with one voice, and glorify, exalt, and declare holy the name of the Lord of Spirits.

10 And He will summon all the armies of the heavens, and all the holy ones above, and the army of God, the Cherubim, Seraphim, and Ophanim, and all the angels of power, and all the angels of principalities, and the Chosen One, and the other powers on the earth and over the water.⁠ 11 On that day, they will raise one voice, and bless and glorify and exalt in the spirit of faith, wisdom, patience, mercy, judgment, peace, and goodness, and will all say with one voice: “Blessed is He, and may the name of the Lord of Spirits be blessed forever and ever.”

12 All who do not sleep above in heaven will bless Him. All the holy ones in heaven will bless Him, and all the chosen who dwell in the garden of life, and every spirit of light who is able to bless, glorify, exalt, and declare holy His blessed name, and all flesh will greatly glorify and bless His name forever and ever. 13 For the mercy of the Lord of Spirits is great, and He is patient, and He has revealed all His works and everything He has created to the righteous and chosen in the name of the Lord of Spirits.

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Texts in conversation

Compare 1 Enoch 61:10 and Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 17:17

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · Deuterocanon

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Summary

Sirach 17 and 1 Enoch 61 refer to God assigning patron divine rulers over the nations, a theme that reflects the idea of heavenly beings governing earthly realms, derived from traditions in the Hebrew Bible such as Deuteronomy 32.

Passages

1 Enoch 61:10

Pseudepigrapha, Apocalypses · Ethiopic Book of Enoch
9 And when he lifts up his face to judge their secret ways according to the word of the Lord of Spirits,
and their path according to the way of the righteous judgment of the Lord of Spirits,
then they all will speak and bless with one voice,
and glorify, exalt, and declare holy the name of the Lord of Spirits.
10 And He will summon all the armies of the heavens,
and all the holy ones above,
and the army of God, the Cherubim, Seraphim, and Ophanim,
and all the angels of power,
and all the angels of principalities,
and the Chosen One,
and the other powers on the earth and over the water.
325 BCE – 100 CE (scholarly estimate) Read in 1 Enoch

Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 17:17

Deuterocanon · Ben Sira, Ecclesiasticus
14 He said to them, “Beware of all wrongdoing.”
So he gave each man commands concerning his neighbor.
15 Their ways are always before him.
They will not be hidden from his eyes.
17 For every nation he appointed a ruler,
but Israel is the Lord’s portion.
19 All their works are as clear as the sun before him.
His eyes are continually on their ways.
20 Their wrongdoing are not hidden from him.
All their sins are before the Lord.
195–175 BCE (scholarly estimate) Read in Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach

References

"... Principalities and Powers ... a class of heavenly beings possessing unspecified power. The word pair occurs in early Jewish literature only in 1 Enoch 61:10. Perhaps they are the angels whom YHWH has put in charge of the nations (Sirach 17:17), 1 Enoch 89:59-90:19 depicts these angelic patrons as evil forces. Paul claims that Christ will triumph over the malevolent ruling spiritual powers (1 Cor. 15:24). The passage may allude to the son of man's receipt of authority and kingship over the nations in Daniel 7:14 ..."
Joel B. Green, Jeannine K. Brown, and Nicholas Perrin, eds., Dictionary of Jesus and the Gospels (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 2018), 502.

References are not endorsements of their contents. Read each reference in full to understand its author's intentions in using these texts.

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1 Enoch 61:10 and Jesus Ben Sira, Sirach 17:17

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